The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>
The triamine spermidine is a key metabolite of the polyamine pathway. It plays a crucial role in many infectious diseases caused by viral or parasitic infections. Spermidine and its metabolizing enzymes, i.e., spermidine/spermine-N<sup>1</sup>-acetyltransferase, spermine oxidase, acetyl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/5/803 |
| _version_ | 1797600886555410432 |
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| author | Annette Kaiser |
| author_facet | Annette Kaiser |
| author_sort | Annette Kaiser |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The triamine spermidine is a key metabolite of the polyamine pathway. It plays a crucial role in many infectious diseases caused by viral or parasitic infections. Spermidine and its metabolizing enzymes, i.e., spermidine/spermine-N<sup>1</sup>-acetyltransferase, spermine oxidase, acetyl polyamine oxidase, and deoxyhypusine synthase, fulfill common functions during infection in parasitic protozoa and viruses which are obligate, intracellular parasites. The competition for this important polyamine between the infected host cell and the pathogen determines the severity of infection in disabling human parasites and pathogenic viruses. Here, we review the impact of spermidine and its metabolites in disease development of the most important, pathogenic human viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, HIV, Ebola, and in the human parasites <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Trypanosomes</i>. Moreover, state-of-the-art translational approaches to manipulate spermidine metabolism in the host and the pathogen are discussed to accelerate drug development against these threatful, infectious human diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1b814e4a8484036b4536750e37e62e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1b814e4a8484036b4536750e37e62e32023-11-18T00:39:26ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2023-05-0113580310.3390/biom13050803The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>Annette Kaiser0Medical Research Centre, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, GermanyThe triamine spermidine is a key metabolite of the polyamine pathway. It plays a crucial role in many infectious diseases caused by viral or parasitic infections. Spermidine and its metabolizing enzymes, i.e., spermidine/spermine-N<sup>1</sup>-acetyltransferase, spermine oxidase, acetyl polyamine oxidase, and deoxyhypusine synthase, fulfill common functions during infection in parasitic protozoa and viruses which are obligate, intracellular parasites. The competition for this important polyamine between the infected host cell and the pathogen determines the severity of infection in disabling human parasites and pathogenic viruses. Here, we review the impact of spermidine and its metabolites in disease development of the most important, pathogenic human viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, HIV, Ebola, and in the human parasites <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Trypanosomes</i>. Moreover, state-of-the-art translational approaches to manipulate spermidine metabolism in the host and the pathogen are discussed to accelerate drug development against these threatful, infectious human diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/5/803spermidineviral and parasitic infectionsdrug development |
| spellingShingle | Annette Kaiser The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> Biomolecules spermidine viral and parasitic infections drug development |
| title | The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> |
| title_full | The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> |
| title_short | The Role of Spermidine and Its Key Metabolites in Important, Pathogenic Human Viruses and in Parasitic Infections Caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> |
| title_sort | role of spermidine and its key metabolites in important pathogenic human viruses and in parasitic infections caused by i plasmodium falciparum i and i trypanosoma brucei i |
| topic | spermidine viral and parasitic infections drug development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/5/803 |
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