Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV
Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) is the most recurrent virus diagnosed in pigeons and is among the major causative agents of young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS). Due to the lack of an established laboratory protocol for PiCV cultivation, development of prophylaxis is hampered. Alternatively, virus-like par...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/2/98 |
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| author | Huai-Ying Huang Benji Brayan I. Silva Shen-Pang Tsai Ching-Yi Tsai Yu-Chang Tyan Tzu-Che Lin Ronilo Jose D. Flores Kuo-Pin Chuang |
| author_facet | Huai-Ying Huang Benji Brayan I. Silva Shen-Pang Tsai Ching-Yi Tsai Yu-Chang Tyan Tzu-Che Lin Ronilo Jose D. Flores Kuo-Pin Chuang |
| author_sort | Huai-Ying Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) is the most recurrent virus diagnosed in pigeons and is among the major causative agents of young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS). Due to the lack of an established laboratory protocol for PiCV cultivation, development of prophylaxis is hampered. Alternatively, virus-like particles (VLPs), which closely resemble native viruses but lack the viral genetic material, can be generated using a wide range of expression systems and are shown to have strong immunogenicity. Therefore, the use of VLPs provides a promising prospect for vaccine development. In this study, transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells, a mammalian expression system, were used to express the PiCV capsid protein (Cap), which is a major component of PiCV and believed to contain antibody epitopes, to obtain self-assembled VLPs. The VLPs were observed to have a spherical morphology with diameters ranging from 12 to 26 nm. Subcutaneous immunization of pigeons with 100 µg PiCV rCap-VLPs supplemented with water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) adjuvant induced specific antibodies against PiCV. Observations of the cytokine expression and T-cell proliferation levels in spleen samples showed significantly higher T-cell proliferation and IFN- γ expression in pigeons immunized with VLPs compared to the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Experimentally infected pigeons that were vaccinated with VLPs also showed no detectable viral titer. The results of the current study demonstrated the potential use of PiCV rCap-VLPs as an effective vaccine candidate against PiCV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:26:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1baf79fc5874b5da79e49bb5709d87b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:26:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1baf79fc5874b5da79e49bb5709d87b2023-12-03T15:02:01ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-01-01929810.3390/vaccines9020098Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCVHuai-Ying Huang0Benji Brayan I. Silva1Shen-Pang Tsai2Ching-Yi Tsai3Yu-Chang Tyan4Tzu-Che Lin5Ronilo Jose D. Flores6Kuo-Pin Chuang7International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, TaiwanGraduate School, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, PhilippinesInternational Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, TaiwanInternational Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, TaiwanDepartment of Plant Industry, College of Agriculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, TaiwanGraduate School, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, PhilippinesInternational Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, TaiwanPigeon circovirus (PiCV) is the most recurrent virus diagnosed in pigeons and is among the major causative agents of young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS). Due to the lack of an established laboratory protocol for PiCV cultivation, development of prophylaxis is hampered. Alternatively, virus-like particles (VLPs), which closely resemble native viruses but lack the viral genetic material, can be generated using a wide range of expression systems and are shown to have strong immunogenicity. Therefore, the use of VLPs provides a promising prospect for vaccine development. In this study, transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells, a mammalian expression system, were used to express the PiCV capsid protein (Cap), which is a major component of PiCV and believed to contain antibody epitopes, to obtain self-assembled VLPs. The VLPs were observed to have a spherical morphology with diameters ranging from 12 to 26 nm. Subcutaneous immunization of pigeons with 100 µg PiCV rCap-VLPs supplemented with water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) adjuvant induced specific antibodies against PiCV. Observations of the cytokine expression and T-cell proliferation levels in spleen samples showed significantly higher T-cell proliferation and IFN- γ expression in pigeons immunized with VLPs compared to the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Experimentally infected pigeons that were vaccinated with VLPs also showed no detectable viral titer. The results of the current study demonstrated the potential use of PiCV rCap-VLPs as an effective vaccine candidate against PiCV.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/2/98pigeon circovirus (PiCV)young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS)virus-like particles (VLPs)immunogenicitymammalian expression system |
| spellingShingle | Huai-Ying Huang Benji Brayan I. Silva Shen-Pang Tsai Ching-Yi Tsai Yu-Chang Tyan Tzu-Che Lin Ronilo Jose D. Flores Kuo-Pin Chuang Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV Vaccines pigeon circovirus (PiCV) young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS) virus-like particles (VLPs) immunogenicity mammalian expression system |
| title | Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV |
| title_full | Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV |
| title_fullStr | Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV |
| title_short | Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of Pigeon Circovirus Recombinant Capsid Protein Virus-Like Particles (PiCV rCap-VLPs) in Pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>) Experimentally Infected with PiCV |
| title_sort | immunogenicity and protective activity of pigeon circovirus recombinant capsid protein virus like particles picv rcap vlps in pigeons i columba livia i experimentally infected with picv |
| topic | pigeon circovirus (PiCV) young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS) virus-like particles (VLPs) immunogenicity mammalian expression system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/2/98 |
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