Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy
Vitamin A deficiencies and insufficiencies are widespread in developing countries, and may be gaining prevalence in industrialized nations. To combat vitamin A deficiency (VAD), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends high-dose vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in children 6–59 months of age in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01576/full |
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| author | Rhiannon R. Penkert Hannah M. Rowe Sherri L. Surman Robert E. Sealy Jason Rosch Julia L. Hurwitz Julia L. Hurwitz |
| author_facet | Rhiannon R. Penkert Hannah M. Rowe Sherri L. Surman Robert E. Sealy Jason Rosch Julia L. Hurwitz Julia L. Hurwitz |
| author_sort | Rhiannon R. Penkert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vitamin A deficiencies and insufficiencies are widespread in developing countries, and may be gaining prevalence in industrialized nations. To combat vitamin A deficiency (VAD), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends high-dose vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in children 6–59 months of age in locations where VAD is endemic. This practice has significantly reduced all-cause death and diarrhea-related mortalities in children, and may have in some cases improved immune responses toward pediatric vaccines. However, VAS studies have yielded conflicting results, perhaps due to influences of baseline vitamin A levels on VAS efficacy, and due to cross-regulation between vitamin A and related nuclear hormones. Here we provide a brief review of previous pre-clinical and clinical data, showing how VAD and VAS affect immune responses, vaccines, and infectious diseases. We additionally present new results from a VAD mouse model. We found that when VAS was administered to VAD mice at the time of vaccination with a pneumococcal vaccine (Prevnar-13), pneumococcus (T4)-specific antibodies were significantly improved. Preliminary data further showed that after challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae, all mice that had received VAS at the time of vaccination survived. This was a significant improvement compared to vaccination without VAS. Data encourage renewed attention to vitamin A levels, both in developed and developing countries, to assist interpretation of data from vaccine research and to improve the success of vaccine programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:43:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1d253de109a4c50b9faabd488b47cec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:43:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1d253de109a4c50b9faabd488b47cec2022-12-22T03:20:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-07-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.01576460118Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and EfficacyRhiannon R. Penkert0Hannah M. Rowe1Sherri L. Surman2Robert E. Sealy3Jason Rosch4Julia L. Hurwitz5Julia L. Hurwitz6Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United StatesVitamin A deficiencies and insufficiencies are widespread in developing countries, and may be gaining prevalence in industrialized nations. To combat vitamin A deficiency (VAD), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends high-dose vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in children 6–59 months of age in locations where VAD is endemic. This practice has significantly reduced all-cause death and diarrhea-related mortalities in children, and may have in some cases improved immune responses toward pediatric vaccines. However, VAS studies have yielded conflicting results, perhaps due to influences of baseline vitamin A levels on VAS efficacy, and due to cross-regulation between vitamin A and related nuclear hormones. Here we provide a brief review of previous pre-clinical and clinical data, showing how VAD and VAS affect immune responses, vaccines, and infectious diseases. We additionally present new results from a VAD mouse model. We found that when VAS was administered to VAD mice at the time of vaccination with a pneumococcal vaccine (Prevnar-13), pneumococcus (T4)-specific antibodies were significantly improved. Preliminary data further showed that after challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae, all mice that had received VAS at the time of vaccination survived. This was a significant improvement compared to vaccination without VAS. Data encourage renewed attention to vitamin A levels, both in developed and developing countries, to assist interpretation of data from vaccine research and to improve the success of vaccine programs.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01576/fullvitamin Apneumococcussupplementationvaccinesimmune response |
| spellingShingle | Rhiannon R. Penkert Hannah M. Rowe Sherri L. Surman Robert E. Sealy Jason Rosch Julia L. Hurwitz Julia L. Hurwitz Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy Frontiers in Immunology vitamin A pneumococcus supplementation vaccines immune response |
| title | Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy |
| title_full | Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy |
| title_fullStr | Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy |
| title_short | Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy |
| title_sort | influences of vitamin a on vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy |
| topic | vitamin A pneumococcus supplementation vaccines immune response |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01576/full |
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