Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders
Background: Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of depression, but to date, VNS devices have required surgical implantation, which has limited widespread implementation. Methods: New noninvasive VNS (nVNS) devices have been developed which allow external...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/10/3/119 |
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| author | James Douglas Bremner Nil Z. Gurel Matthew T. Wittbrodt Mobashir H. Shandhi Mark H. Rapaport Jonathon A. Nye Bradley D. Pearce Viola Vaccarino Amit J. Shah Jeanie Park Marom Bikson Omer T. Inan |
| author_facet | James Douglas Bremner Nil Z. Gurel Matthew T. Wittbrodt Mobashir H. Shandhi Mark H. Rapaport Jonathon A. Nye Bradley D. Pearce Viola Vaccarino Amit J. Shah Jeanie Park Marom Bikson Omer T. Inan |
| author_sort | James Douglas Bremner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of depression, but to date, VNS devices have required surgical implantation, which has limited widespread implementation. Methods: New noninvasive VNS (nVNS) devices have been developed which allow external stimulation of the vagus nerve, and their effects on physiology in patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders can be measured with brain imaging, blood biomarkers, and wearable sensing devices. Advantages in terms of cost and convenience may lead to more widespread implementation in psychiatry, as well as facilitate research of the physiology of the vagus nerve in humans. nVNS has effects on autonomic tone, cardiovascular function, inflammatory responses, and central brain areas involved in modulation of emotion, all of which make it particularly applicable to patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, since dysregulation of these circuits and systems underlies the symptomatology of these disorders. Results: This paper reviewed the physiology of the vagus nerve and its relevance to modulating the stress response in the context of application of nVNS to stress-related psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: nVNS has a favorable effect on stress physiology that is measurable using brain imaging, blood biomarkers of inflammation, and wearable sensing devices, and shows promise in the prevention and treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:29:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1dda6f28f9a4518bf4ddd3c79dc2428 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4426 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:29:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1dda6f28f9a4518bf4ddd3c79dc24282023-11-20T13:03:51ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262020-09-0110311910.3390/jpm10030119Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric DisordersJames Douglas Bremner0Nil Z. Gurel1Matthew T. Wittbrodt2Mobashir H. Shandhi3Mark H. Rapaport4Jonathon A. Nye5Bradley D. Pearce6Viola Vaccarino7Amit J. Shah8Jeanie Park9Marom Bikson10Omer T. Inan11Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USASchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USASchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAAtlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USAAtlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USASchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USABackground: Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of depression, but to date, VNS devices have required surgical implantation, which has limited widespread implementation. Methods: New noninvasive VNS (nVNS) devices have been developed which allow external stimulation of the vagus nerve, and their effects on physiology in patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders can be measured with brain imaging, blood biomarkers, and wearable sensing devices. Advantages in terms of cost and convenience may lead to more widespread implementation in psychiatry, as well as facilitate research of the physiology of the vagus nerve in humans. nVNS has effects on autonomic tone, cardiovascular function, inflammatory responses, and central brain areas involved in modulation of emotion, all of which make it particularly applicable to patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, since dysregulation of these circuits and systems underlies the symptomatology of these disorders. Results: This paper reviewed the physiology of the vagus nerve and its relevance to modulating the stress response in the context of application of nVNS to stress-related psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: nVNS has a favorable effect on stress physiology that is measurable using brain imaging, blood biomarkers of inflammation, and wearable sensing devices, and shows promise in the prevention and treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/10/3/119PTSDstress disordersposttraumaticdepressive disordersvagus nerveVNS |
| spellingShingle | James Douglas Bremner Nil Z. Gurel Matthew T. Wittbrodt Mobashir H. Shandhi Mark H. Rapaport Jonathon A. Nye Bradley D. Pearce Viola Vaccarino Amit J. Shah Jeanie Park Marom Bikson Omer T. Inan Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders Journal of Personalized Medicine PTSD stress disorders posttraumatic depressive disorders vagus nerve VNS |
| title | Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders |
| title_full | Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders |
| title_short | Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders |
| title_sort | application of noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation to stress related psychiatric disorders |
| topic | PTSD stress disorders posttraumatic depressive disorders vagus nerve VNS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/10/3/119 |
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