The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Abstract Background Previous cross-sectional studies revealed a higher prevalence of depression among glaucoma patients. However, cohort studies were in lack to build the risk of incident depression after the diagnosis of glaucoma. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between glau...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-018-0811-5 |
| _version_ | 1828261076055097344 |
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| author | Yu-Yen Chen Yun-Ju Lai Jen-Pang Wang Ying-Cheng Shen Chun-Yuan Wang Hsin-Hua Chen Hsiao-Yun Hu Pesus Chou |
| author_facet | Yu-Yen Chen Yun-Ju Lai Jen-Pang Wang Ying-Cheng Shen Chun-Yuan Wang Hsin-Hua Chen Hsiao-Yun Hu Pesus Chou |
| author_sort | Yu-Yen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Previous cross-sectional studies revealed a higher prevalence of depression among glaucoma patients. However, cohort studies were in lack to build the risk of incident depression after the diagnosis of glaucoma. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between glaucoma and the subsequent risk of developing depression and to assess risk factors associated with depression in glaucoma patients. Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was conducted from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2011. Glaucoma patients (n = 8777) and age- and gender-matched control subjects without glaucoma (n = 35,108) were enrolled in the study. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to compare the cumulative hazard of subsequent depression between the glaucoma and control groups. A Cox regression analysis estimated the crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for depression. Risk factors leading to depression were investigated among the glaucoma patients. Results Glaucoma patients had a significantly higher cumulative hazard of depression compared to the control group (p-value < 0.0001). The Cox regression model indicated that the glaucoma group had a significantly higher risk of depression (adjusted HR = 1.71). Within the glaucoma group, significant risk factors for depression included age, female, low income, substance abuse, and living alone. However, the use of β-blocker eye drops and the number of glaucoma medications were not significant risk factors for depression. Conclusion Patients with glaucoma are at significantly greater risk of developing depression. Among glaucoma patients, age, female, low income, substance abuse, and living alone were significant risk factors for depression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:33:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1e171598ba94d1da9e5ca5cf90ec798 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2415 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:33:11Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1e171598ba94d1da9e5ca5cf90ec7982022-12-22T03:04:25ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152018-06-011811810.1186/s12886-018-0811-5The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort studyYu-Yen Chen0Yun-Ju Lai1Jen-Pang Wang2Ying-Cheng Shen3Chun-Yuan Wang4Hsin-Hua Chen5Hsiao-Yun Hu6Pesus Chou7School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversitySchool of Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversityBethel Psychiatric ClinicDepartment of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General HospitalSchool of Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversitySchool of Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversityCommunity Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming UniversityCommunity Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming UniversityAbstract Background Previous cross-sectional studies revealed a higher prevalence of depression among glaucoma patients. However, cohort studies were in lack to build the risk of incident depression after the diagnosis of glaucoma. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between glaucoma and the subsequent risk of developing depression and to assess risk factors associated with depression in glaucoma patients. Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was conducted from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2011. Glaucoma patients (n = 8777) and age- and gender-matched control subjects without glaucoma (n = 35,108) were enrolled in the study. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to compare the cumulative hazard of subsequent depression between the glaucoma and control groups. A Cox regression analysis estimated the crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for depression. Risk factors leading to depression were investigated among the glaucoma patients. Results Glaucoma patients had a significantly higher cumulative hazard of depression compared to the control group (p-value < 0.0001). The Cox regression model indicated that the glaucoma group had a significantly higher risk of depression (adjusted HR = 1.71). Within the glaucoma group, significant risk factors for depression included age, female, low income, substance abuse, and living alone. However, the use of β-blocker eye drops and the number of glaucoma medications were not significant risk factors for depression. Conclusion Patients with glaucoma are at significantly greater risk of developing depression. Among glaucoma patients, age, female, low income, substance abuse, and living alone were significant risk factors for depression.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-018-0811-5GlaucomaDepressionRisk factorsNational Health Insurance Research DatabaseCohort study |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Yen Chen Yun-Ju Lai Jen-Pang Wang Ying-Cheng Shen Chun-Yuan Wang Hsin-Hua Chen Hsiao-Yun Hu Pesus Chou The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study BMC Ophthalmology Glaucoma Depression Risk factors National Health Insurance Research Database Cohort study |
| title | The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study |
| title_full | The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study |
| title_fullStr | The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study |
| title_short | The association between glaucoma and risk of depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study |
| title_sort | association between glaucoma and risk of depression a nationwide population based cohort study |
| topic | Glaucoma Depression Risk factors National Health Insurance Research Database Cohort study |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-018-0811-5 |
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