Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region
In this work, the influence of various electrochemical parameters on the production of porous anodic alumina (PAA)-based DBRs (distributed Bragg reflector) during high-temperature-pulse-anodization was studied. It was observed that lowering the temperature from 30 to 27 °C brings about radical chang...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/24/5622 |
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| author | Ewelina Białek Maksymilian Włodarski Małgorzata Norek |
| author_facet | Ewelina Białek Maksymilian Włodarski Małgorzata Norek |
| author_sort | Ewelina Białek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, the influence of various electrochemical parameters on the production of porous anodic alumina (PAA)-based DBRs (distributed Bragg reflector) during high-temperature-pulse-anodization was studied. It was observed that lowering the temperature from 30 to 27 °C brings about radical changes in the optical performance of the DBRs. The multilayered PAA fabricated at 27 °C did not show optical characteristics typical for DBR. The DBR performance was further tuned at 30 °C. The current recovery (<i>i<sub>a</sub><sup>max</sup></i>) after application of subsequent U<sub>H</sub> pulses started to stabilize upon decreasing high (U<sub>H</sub>) and low (U<sub>L</sub>) voltage pulses, which was reflected in a smaller difference between initial and final thickness of alternating d<sub>H</sub> and d<sub>L</sub> segments (formed under U<sub>H</sub> and U<sub>L</sub>, respectively) and a better DBR performance. Shortening U<sub>H</sub> pulse duration resulted in a progressive shift of photonic stopbands (PSBs) towards the blue part of the spectrum while keeping intensive and symmetric PSBs in the NIR-MIR range. Despite the obvious improvement of the DBR performance by modulation of electrochemical parameters, the problem regarding full control over the homogeneous formation of d<sub>H</sub>+d<sub>L</sub> pairs remains. Solving this problem will certainly lead to the production of affordable and efficient PAA-based photonic crystals with tunable photonic properties in the NIR-MIR region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:13:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e1f0f28fbfc64ce2a8c4eb40b41fbb4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:13:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-e1f0f28fbfc64ce2a8c4eb40b41fbb4d2023-11-21T00:04:11ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-12-011324562210.3390/ma13245622Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR RegionEwelina Białek0Maksymilian Włodarski1Małgorzata Norek2Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Military University of Technology, Str. gen Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Str. gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Military University of Technology, Str. gen Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, PolandIn this work, the influence of various electrochemical parameters on the production of porous anodic alumina (PAA)-based DBRs (distributed Bragg reflector) during high-temperature-pulse-anodization was studied. It was observed that lowering the temperature from 30 to 27 °C brings about radical changes in the optical performance of the DBRs. The multilayered PAA fabricated at 27 °C did not show optical characteristics typical for DBR. The DBR performance was further tuned at 30 °C. The current recovery (<i>i<sub>a</sub><sup>max</sup></i>) after application of subsequent U<sub>H</sub> pulses started to stabilize upon decreasing high (U<sub>H</sub>) and low (U<sub>L</sub>) voltage pulses, which was reflected in a smaller difference between initial and final thickness of alternating d<sub>H</sub> and d<sub>L</sub> segments (formed under U<sub>H</sub> and U<sub>L</sub>, respectively) and a better DBR performance. Shortening U<sub>H</sub> pulse duration resulted in a progressive shift of photonic stopbands (PSBs) towards the blue part of the spectrum while keeping intensive and symmetric PSBs in the NIR-MIR range. Despite the obvious improvement of the DBR performance by modulation of electrochemical parameters, the problem regarding full control over the homogeneous formation of d<sub>H</sub>+d<sub>L</sub> pairs remains. Solving this problem will certainly lead to the production of affordable and efficient PAA-based photonic crystals with tunable photonic properties in the NIR-MIR region.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/24/5622porous anodic alumina (PAA)pulse anodizationmid-infrared (MIR)near-infrared (NIR)distributed Bragg reflector (DBR)photonic stop band (PSB) |
| spellingShingle | Ewelina Białek Maksymilian Włodarski Małgorzata Norek Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region Materials porous anodic alumina (PAA) pulse anodization mid-infrared (MIR) near-infrared (NIR) distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) photonic stop band (PSB) |
| title | Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region |
| title_full | Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region |
| title_short | Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region |
| title_sort | fabrication of porous anodic alumina paa by high temperature pulse anodization tuning the optical characteristics of paa based dbr in the nir mir region |
| topic | porous anodic alumina (PAA) pulse anodization mid-infrared (MIR) near-infrared (NIR) distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) photonic stop band (PSB) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/24/5622 |
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