Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran
Abstract Background Aedes aegypti is the main vector of arboviral diseases worldwide. The species invaded and became established in southern Iran in 2020. Insecticide-based interventions are primarily used for its control. With insecticide resistance widespread, knowledge of resistance mechanisms is...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06123-w |
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| author | Ahmadali Enayati Reza Valadan Mahboobeh Bagherzadeh Mohammad Cheraghpour Seyed Hassan Nikookar Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei Farzaneh Sahraei Rostami Razieh Shabani Kordshouli Ahmad Raeisi Fatemeh Nikpour Abdolreza Mirolyaei Fatemeh Bagheri Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Morteza Zaim David Weetman Janet Hemigway |
| author_facet | Ahmadali Enayati Reza Valadan Mahboobeh Bagherzadeh Mohammad Cheraghpour Seyed Hassan Nikookar Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei Farzaneh Sahraei Rostami Razieh Shabani Kordshouli Ahmad Raeisi Fatemeh Nikpour Abdolreza Mirolyaei Fatemeh Bagheri Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Morteza Zaim David Weetman Janet Hemigway |
| author_sort | Ahmadali Enayati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Aedes aegypti is the main vector of arboviral diseases worldwide. The species invaded and became established in southern Iran in 2020. Insecticide-based interventions are primarily used for its control. With insecticide resistance widespread, knowledge of resistance mechanisms is vital for informed deployment of insecticidal interventions, but information from Iranian Ae. aegypti is lacking. Methods Fifty-six Ae. aegypti specimens were collected from the port city of Bandar Lengeh in Hormozgan Province in the South of Iran in 2020 and screened for kdr mutations. The most common kdr mutations in Latin America and Asia (V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C), especially when present in combinations, are highly predictive of DDT and pyrethroid resistance were detected. Phylogenetic analyses based on the diversity of S989P and V1016G/I mutations were undertaken to assess the phylogeography of these kdr mutations. Results Genotyping all four kdr positions of V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C revealed that only 16 out of the 56 (28.57%) specimens were homozygous wild type for all kdr mutation sites. Six haplotypes including VSVF (0.537), VSVC (0.107), LSVF (0.016), LSIF (0.071), VPGC (0.257) and LPGC (0.011) were detected in this study. For the first time, 11 specimens harbouring the V410L mutation, and 8 samples with V1016I mutation were found. V410L and V1016I were coincided in 8 specimens. Also, six specimens contained 1016G/I double mutation which was not reported before. Conclusions The relatively high frequency of these kdr mutations in Iranian Ae. aegypti indicates a population exhibiting substantial resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, which are used widely in control operations and household formulations. The detection of the 410L/1016I kdr mutant haplotype in Iranian Ae. aegypti suggests possible convergence of invasive populations from West Africa or Latin America. However, as Iran has very limited maritime/air connections with those African countries, a Latin American origin for the invasive Ae. aegypti in Iran is more plausible. Graphical abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:33:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2089629eb5441df973497c0b45f379a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:33:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2089629eb5441df973497c0b45f379a2024-03-05T16:21:37ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052024-01-0117111510.1186/s13071-024-06123-wKdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from IranAhmadali Enayati0Reza Valadan1Mahboobeh Bagherzadeh2Mohammad Cheraghpour3Seyed Hassan Nikookar4Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan5Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei6Farzaneh Sahraei Rostami7Razieh Shabani Kordshouli8Ahmad Raeisi9Fatemeh Nikpour10Abdolreza Mirolyaei11Fatemeh Bagheri12Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat13Morteza Zaim14David Weetman15Janet Hemigway16Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Immunology and Molecular and Cellular Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Student Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Student Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesHealth Sciences Research Center, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesHealth Sciences Research Center, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesVector Borne Diseases Control Department, Iran CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical EducationVector Borne Diseases Control Department, Iran CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical EducationVector Borne Diseases Control Department, Iran CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical EducationHormozgan Provincial Health Center, Department of Communicable Diseases Control, Hormozgan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Tehran University of Medical SciencesVector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineVector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineAbstract Background Aedes aegypti is the main vector of arboviral diseases worldwide. The species invaded and became established in southern Iran in 2020. Insecticide-based interventions are primarily used for its control. With insecticide resistance widespread, knowledge of resistance mechanisms is vital for informed deployment of insecticidal interventions, but information from Iranian Ae. aegypti is lacking. Methods Fifty-six Ae. aegypti specimens were collected from the port city of Bandar Lengeh in Hormozgan Province in the South of Iran in 2020 and screened for kdr mutations. The most common kdr mutations in Latin America and Asia (V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C), especially when present in combinations, are highly predictive of DDT and pyrethroid resistance were detected. Phylogenetic analyses based on the diversity of S989P and V1016G/I mutations were undertaken to assess the phylogeography of these kdr mutations. Results Genotyping all four kdr positions of V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C revealed that only 16 out of the 56 (28.57%) specimens were homozygous wild type for all kdr mutation sites. Six haplotypes including VSVF (0.537), VSVC (0.107), LSVF (0.016), LSIF (0.071), VPGC (0.257) and LPGC (0.011) were detected in this study. For the first time, 11 specimens harbouring the V410L mutation, and 8 samples with V1016I mutation were found. V410L and V1016I were coincided in 8 specimens. Also, six specimens contained 1016G/I double mutation which was not reported before. Conclusions The relatively high frequency of these kdr mutations in Iranian Ae. aegypti indicates a population exhibiting substantial resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, which are used widely in control operations and household formulations. The detection of the 410L/1016I kdr mutant haplotype in Iranian Ae. aegypti suggests possible convergence of invasive populations from West Africa or Latin America. However, as Iran has very limited maritime/air connections with those African countries, a Latin American origin for the invasive Ae. aegypti in Iran is more plausible. Graphical abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06123-wAedes aegyptiIranInsecticide resistanceKdrVgsc |
| spellingShingle | Ahmadali Enayati Reza Valadan Mahboobeh Bagherzadeh Mohammad Cheraghpour Seyed Hassan Nikookar Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei Farzaneh Sahraei Rostami Razieh Shabani Kordshouli Ahmad Raeisi Fatemeh Nikpour Abdolreza Mirolyaei Fatemeh Bagheri Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Morteza Zaim David Weetman Janet Hemigway Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran Parasites & Vectors Aedes aegypti Iran Insecticide resistance Kdr Vgsc |
| title | Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran |
| title_full | Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran |
| title_fullStr | Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran |
| title_short | Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran |
| title_sort | kdr genotyping and the first report of v410l and v1016i kdr mutations in voltage gated sodium channel gene in aedes aegypti diptera culicidae from iran |
| topic | Aedes aegypti Iran Insecticide resistance Kdr Vgsc |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06123-w |
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