The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn
ABSTRACTThe zoonotic bacteria, Brucella canis, is becoming the leading cause of canine brucellosis in Europe. In dogs, it causes reproductive problems as well as non-specific lameness or discospondilitis. In humans, B. canis can be origin of chronic debilitating conditions characteristic to its genu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2249126 |
| _version_ | 1797257015723032576 |
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| author | Vitomir Djokic Luca Freddi Fabrizio de Massis Elina Lahti Marielle H. van den Esker Adrian Whatmore Anna Haughey Ana Cristina Ferreira Giuliano Garofolo Falk Melzer Flavio Sacchini Ad Koets Stephen Wyllie Alain Fontbonne Guillaume Girault Acacia Ferreira Vicente John McGiven Claire Ponsart |
| author_facet | Vitomir Djokic Luca Freddi Fabrizio de Massis Elina Lahti Marielle H. van den Esker Adrian Whatmore Anna Haughey Ana Cristina Ferreira Giuliano Garofolo Falk Melzer Flavio Sacchini Ad Koets Stephen Wyllie Alain Fontbonne Guillaume Girault Acacia Ferreira Vicente John McGiven Claire Ponsart |
| author_sort | Vitomir Djokic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACTThe zoonotic bacteria, Brucella canis, is becoming the leading cause of canine brucellosis in Europe. In dogs, it causes reproductive problems as well as non-specific lameness or discospondilitis. In humans, B. canis can be origin of chronic debilitating conditions characteristic to its genus such as undulant fever, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Although B. canis shows some pathogenic characteristics similar to B. abortus and B. melitensis, it lacks surface O-polysaccharide, like nonzoonotic B. ovis. This review shows that host–B. canis interactions are still poorly understood, with many knowledge and capability gaps, causing relatively poor sensitivity and specificity of existing diagnostic tools. Currently, there is no vaccine for this rough Brucella species. Besides, antimicrobial therapy does not guarantee bacterial elimination, and infection relapses are frequently reported, increasing the risks of antibiotic resistance development. B. canis has been detected in dogs in almost all European countries which increased human exposure, but currently there is no systematic surveillance. Moreover, B. canis caused brucellosis is not included in Animal Health Law, and therefore there is no legal framework to tackle this emerging infectious disease. To map out the diagnostic strategies, identify risks for human infections and propose management scheme for infected pet and kennel dogs, we present current understanding of canine B. canis caused brucellosis, outline major knowledge gaps and propose future steps. To address and highlight challenges veterinary and public health services encounter in Europe, we developed two B. canis infection scenarios: of a single household pet and of a kennel dog in larger group. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:52:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e20ae6e65f0a4e9c83e6ee78665e3087 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T22:30:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj.art-e20ae6e65f0a4e9c83e6ee78665e30872024-03-19T19:34:17ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512023-12-0112210.1080/22221751.2023.2249126The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learnVitomir Djokic0Luca Freddi1Fabrizio de Massis2Elina Lahti3Marielle H. van den Esker4Adrian Whatmore5Anna Haughey6Ana Cristina Ferreira7Giuliano Garofolo8Falk Melzer9Flavio Sacchini10Ad Koets11Stephen Wyllie12Alain Fontbonne13Guillaume Girault14Acacia Ferreira Vicente15John McGiven16Claire Ponsart17EU/WOAH & National Reference Laboratory for Animal Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Paris-Est University/ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, FranceEU/WOAH & National Reference Laboratory for Animal Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Paris-Est University/ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, FranceNational and WOAH Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Disease Control, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The NetherlandsWOAH and FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, UKWOAH and FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, UKNational Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, I.P. (INIAV, IP), Oeiras, PortugalNational and WOAH Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, ItalyFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, GermanyNational and WOAH Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostics, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The NetherlandsWOAH and FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, UKUnité de Médecine de L'Elevage et du Sport (UMES), École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, FranceEU/WOAH & National Reference Laboratory for Animal Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Paris-Est University/ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, FranceEU/WOAH & National Reference Laboratory for Animal Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Paris-Est University/ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, FranceWOAH and FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, UKEU/WOAH & National Reference Laboratory for Animal Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Paris-Est University/ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, FranceABSTRACTThe zoonotic bacteria, Brucella canis, is becoming the leading cause of canine brucellosis in Europe. In dogs, it causes reproductive problems as well as non-specific lameness or discospondilitis. In humans, B. canis can be origin of chronic debilitating conditions characteristic to its genus such as undulant fever, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Although B. canis shows some pathogenic characteristics similar to B. abortus and B. melitensis, it lacks surface O-polysaccharide, like nonzoonotic B. ovis. This review shows that host–B. canis interactions are still poorly understood, with many knowledge and capability gaps, causing relatively poor sensitivity and specificity of existing diagnostic tools. Currently, there is no vaccine for this rough Brucella species. Besides, antimicrobial therapy does not guarantee bacterial elimination, and infection relapses are frequently reported, increasing the risks of antibiotic resistance development. B. canis has been detected in dogs in almost all European countries which increased human exposure, but currently there is no systematic surveillance. Moreover, B. canis caused brucellosis is not included in Animal Health Law, and therefore there is no legal framework to tackle this emerging infectious disease. To map out the diagnostic strategies, identify risks for human infections and propose management scheme for infected pet and kennel dogs, we present current understanding of canine B. canis caused brucellosis, outline major knowledge gaps and propose future steps. To address and highlight challenges veterinary and public health services encounter in Europe, we developed two B. canis infection scenarios: of a single household pet and of a kennel dog in larger group.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2249126Brucella canis emergenceBrucellosispublic health risksdiagnosticstransmissiontherapy |
| spellingShingle | Vitomir Djokic Luca Freddi Fabrizio de Massis Elina Lahti Marielle H. van den Esker Adrian Whatmore Anna Haughey Ana Cristina Ferreira Giuliano Garofolo Falk Melzer Flavio Sacchini Ad Koets Stephen Wyllie Alain Fontbonne Guillaume Girault Acacia Ferreira Vicente John McGiven Claire Ponsart The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn Emerging Microbes and Infections Brucella canis emergence Brucellosis public health risks diagnostics transmission therapy |
| title | The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn |
| title_full | The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn |
| title_fullStr | The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn |
| title_full_unstemmed | The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn |
| title_short | The emergence of Brucella canis as a public health threat in Europe: what we know and what we need to learn |
| title_sort | emergence of brucella canis as a public health threat in europe what we know and what we need to learn |
| topic | Brucella canis emergence Brucellosis public health risks diagnostics transmission therapy |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2249126 |
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