Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia
Hyperammonemia is characterized by the excessive accumulation of ammonia in the body as a result of the loss of liver detoxification, leading to the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). These metabolic alterations carry cognitive and motor deficits and cause neuronal damage, with no effective...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4550 |
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| author | Marcos F. Ocaña-Sánchez Gabriel A. Soto-Ojeda Yolanda Cocotle-Ronzón Cesar Soria-Fregozo Alberto Sánchez-Medina Rosa V. García-Rodríguez Juan F. Rodríguez-Landa Erick J. Corro-Méndez Minerva Hernández-Lozano |
| author_facet | Marcos F. Ocaña-Sánchez Gabriel A. Soto-Ojeda Yolanda Cocotle-Ronzón Cesar Soria-Fregozo Alberto Sánchez-Medina Rosa V. García-Rodríguez Juan F. Rodríguez-Landa Erick J. Corro-Méndez Minerva Hernández-Lozano |
| author_sort | Marcos F. Ocaña-Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hyperammonemia is characterized by the excessive accumulation of ammonia in the body as a result of the loss of liver detoxification, leading to the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). These metabolic alterations carry cognitive and motor deficits and cause neuronal damage, with no effective treatment at present. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of two subacute oral administrations of flaxseed oil (0.26 and 0.52 mL/kg) on short- and long-term memory, visuospatial memory, locomotor activity, motor coordination, and the neuronal morphology of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) via tests on Wistar rats with hyperammonemia. The goal was to identify its role in the regulation of cerebral edema, without liver damage causing cerebral failure. In contrast with an ammonium-rich diet, flaxseed oil and normal foods did not cause cognitive impairment or motor alterations, as evidenced in the short-term and visuospatial memory tests. Furthermore, the flaxseed oil treatment maintained a regular neuronal morphology of the prefrontal cortex, which represents a neuroprotective effect. We conclude that the oral administration of flaxseed oil prevents cognitive and motor impairments as well as neuronal alterations in rats with hyperammonemia, which supports the potential use of this oil to ameliorate the changes that occur in hepatic encephalopathy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:24:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2229e50abbc4a8a812f41de5112d6aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:24:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2229e50abbc4a8a812f41de5112d6aa2023-11-10T15:09:35ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-10-011521455010.3390/nu15214550Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with HyperammonemiaMarcos F. Ocaña-Sánchez0Gabriel A. Soto-Ojeda1Yolanda Cocotle-Ronzón2Cesar Soria-Fregozo3Alberto Sánchez-Medina4Rosa V. García-Rodríguez5Juan F. Rodríguez-Landa6Erick J. Corro-Méndez7Minerva Hernández-Lozano8Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, MexicoFacultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91090, MexicoFacultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91090, MexicoLaboratorio Ciencias Biomédicas/área Histología y Psicobiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, MexicoInstituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, MexicoInstituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, MexicoInstituto de Neuroetología, Univerisdad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Veracruzana, Amatlán 94945, MexicoFacultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91090, MexicoHyperammonemia is characterized by the excessive accumulation of ammonia in the body as a result of the loss of liver detoxification, leading to the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). These metabolic alterations carry cognitive and motor deficits and cause neuronal damage, with no effective treatment at present. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of two subacute oral administrations of flaxseed oil (0.26 and 0.52 mL/kg) on short- and long-term memory, visuospatial memory, locomotor activity, motor coordination, and the neuronal morphology of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) via tests on Wistar rats with hyperammonemia. The goal was to identify its role in the regulation of cerebral edema, without liver damage causing cerebral failure. In contrast with an ammonium-rich diet, flaxseed oil and normal foods did not cause cognitive impairment or motor alterations, as evidenced in the short-term and visuospatial memory tests. Furthermore, the flaxseed oil treatment maintained a regular neuronal morphology of the prefrontal cortex, which represents a neuroprotective effect. We conclude that the oral administration of flaxseed oil prevents cognitive and motor impairments as well as neuronal alterations in rats with hyperammonemia, which supports the potential use of this oil to ameliorate the changes that occur in hepatic encephalopathy.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4550hyperammonemiaflaxseed oilhepatic encephalopathy |
| spellingShingle | Marcos F. Ocaña-Sánchez Gabriel A. Soto-Ojeda Yolanda Cocotle-Ronzón Cesar Soria-Fregozo Alberto Sánchez-Medina Rosa V. García-Rodríguez Juan F. Rodríguez-Landa Erick J. Corro-Méndez Minerva Hernández-Lozano Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia Nutrients hyperammonemia flaxseed oil hepatic encephalopathy |
| title | Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia |
| title_full | Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia |
| title_fullStr | Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia |
| title_short | Flaxseed Oil (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i>) Prevents Cognitive and Motor Damage in Rats with Hyperammonemia |
| title_sort | flaxseed oil i linum usitatissimum i prevents cognitive and motor damage in rats with hyperammonemia |
| topic | hyperammonemia flaxseed oil hepatic encephalopathy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4550 |
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