Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation
Myeloid sarcomas (MS) are rare extramedullary (EM) hematological tumors that generally arise during the natural course of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), occurring concomitantly with the onset of systemic leukemia; it can also occur following onset but rarely before. Common sites of EM involvement inc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Hematology Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2038-8330/14/2/21 |
| _version_ | 1797486932490452992 |
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| author | Dina Rochate Carolina Pavão Rui Amaral Carolina Viveiros José Cabeçadas Vitor Carneiro Cristina Fraga |
| author_facet | Dina Rochate Carolina Pavão Rui Amaral Carolina Viveiros José Cabeçadas Vitor Carneiro Cristina Fraga |
| author_sort | Dina Rochate |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Myeloid sarcomas (MS) are rare extramedullary (EM) hematological tumors that generally arise during the natural course of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), occurring concomitantly with the onset of systemic leukemia; it can also occur following onset but rarely before. Common sites of EM involvement include the lymph nodes, skin, soft tissue, bone and peritoneum. Herein, we report the case of a 63-year-old man who presented EM AML upon initial diagnosis involving the bone marrow, lymph nodes and skin (leukemia cutis). A diagnosis was made based on immunohistochemistry (IHC). This case presents a diagnostic dilemma due to its atypical presentation and the sites involved. It also highlights the importance of IHC in the diagnosis of EM AML. The potential role of hypomethylating agents and Venetoclax in cases not eligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplant are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:40:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e25051b9948d42eda6d641e45b249cfb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2038-8330 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:40:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hematology Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-e25051b9948d42eda6d641e45b249cfb2023-11-23T16:54:00ZengMDPI AGHematology Reports2038-83302022-04-0114214314810.3390/hematolrep14020021Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen PresentationDina Rochate0Carolina Pavão1Rui Amaral2Carolina Viveiros3José Cabeçadas4Vitor Carneiro5Cristina Fraga6Divino Espírito Santo’s Hospital, 9500-370 Ponta Delgada, PortugalDivino Espírito Santo’s Hospital, 9500-370 Ponta Delgada, PortugalDivino Espírito Santo’s Hospital, 9500-370 Ponta Delgada, PortugalDivino Espírito Santo’s Hospital, 9500-370 Ponta Delgada, PortugalPortuguese Institute of Oncology, 1070-212 Lisbon, PortugalDivino Espírito Santo’s Hospital, 9500-370 Ponta Delgada, PortugalDivino Espírito Santo’s Hospital, 9500-370 Ponta Delgada, PortugalMyeloid sarcomas (MS) are rare extramedullary (EM) hematological tumors that generally arise during the natural course of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), occurring concomitantly with the onset of systemic leukemia; it can also occur following onset but rarely before. Common sites of EM involvement include the lymph nodes, skin, soft tissue, bone and peritoneum. Herein, we report the case of a 63-year-old man who presented EM AML upon initial diagnosis involving the bone marrow, lymph nodes and skin (leukemia cutis). A diagnosis was made based on immunohistochemistry (IHC). This case presents a diagnostic dilemma due to its atypical presentation and the sites involved. It also highlights the importance of IHC in the diagnosis of EM AML. The potential role of hypomethylating agents and Venetoclax in cases not eligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplant are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2038-8330/14/2/21acute myeloid leukemiaextramedullary tumormyeloid sarcomaleukemia cutis |
| spellingShingle | Dina Rochate Carolina Pavão Rui Amaral Carolina Viveiros José Cabeçadas Vitor Carneiro Cristina Fraga Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation Hematology Reports acute myeloid leukemia extramedullary tumor myeloid sarcoma leukemia cutis |
| title | Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation |
| title_full | Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation |
| title_fullStr | Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation |
| title_short | Extramedullary Acute Leukemia—Still an Unforeseen Presentation |
| title_sort | extramedullary acute leukemia still an unforeseen presentation |
| topic | acute myeloid leukemia extramedullary tumor myeloid sarcoma leukemia cutis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2038-8330/14/2/21 |
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