Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review
Saliva as a biological fluid has a remarkable potential in the non-invasive diagnostics of several systemic disorders. Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. This systematic review was designed to answer the question “Are salivary biomarkers rel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/20/7477 |
| _version_ | 1797551382188785664 |
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| author | Kacper Nijakowski Anna Surdacka |
| author_facet | Kacper Nijakowski Anna Surdacka |
| author_sort | Kacper Nijakowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Saliva as a biological fluid has a remarkable potential in the non-invasive diagnostics of several systemic disorders. Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. This systematic review was designed to answer the question “Are salivary biomarkers reliable for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases?”. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eleven studies were included (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Due to their heterogeneity, the potential salivary markers for IBD were divided into four groups: oxidative status markers, inflammatory cytokines, microRNAs and other biomarkers. Active CD patients manifest decreased activity of antioxidants (e.g., glutathione, catalase) and increased lipid peroxidation. Therefore, malondialdehyde seems to be a good diagnostic marker of CD. Moreover, elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 or tumour necrosis factor α) are associated with the activity of IBD. Additionaly, selected miRNAs are altered in saliva (overexpressed miR-101 in CD; overexpressed miR-21, miR-31, miR-142-3p and underexpressed miR-142-5p in UC). Among other salivary biomarkers, exosomal PSMA7, α-amylase and calprotectin are detected. In conclusion, saliva contains several biomarkers which can be used credibly for the early diagnosis and regular monitoring of IBD. However, further investigations are necessary to validate these findings, as well as to identify new reliable salivary biomarkers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:45:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2639d5bef5c4107b2ffe0cf9d60418a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:45:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2639d5bef5c4107b2ffe0cf9d60418a2023-11-20T16:35:43ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-10-012120747710.3390/ijms21207477Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic ReviewKacper Nijakowski0Anna Surdacka1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, PolandSaliva as a biological fluid has a remarkable potential in the non-invasive diagnostics of several systemic disorders. Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. This systematic review was designed to answer the question “Are salivary biomarkers reliable for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases?”. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eleven studies were included (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Due to their heterogeneity, the potential salivary markers for IBD were divided into four groups: oxidative status markers, inflammatory cytokines, microRNAs and other biomarkers. Active CD patients manifest decreased activity of antioxidants (e.g., glutathione, catalase) and increased lipid peroxidation. Therefore, malondialdehyde seems to be a good diagnostic marker of CD. Moreover, elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 or tumour necrosis factor α) are associated with the activity of IBD. Additionaly, selected miRNAs are altered in saliva (overexpressed miR-101 in CD; overexpressed miR-21, miR-31, miR-142-3p and underexpressed miR-142-5p in UC). Among other salivary biomarkers, exosomal PSMA7, α-amylase and calprotectin are detected. In conclusion, saliva contains several biomarkers which can be used credibly for the early diagnosis and regular monitoring of IBD. However, further investigations are necessary to validate these findings, as well as to identify new reliable salivary biomarkers.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/20/7477inflammatory bowel diseasesalivabiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Kacper Nijakowski Anna Surdacka Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences inflammatory bowel disease saliva biomarkers |
| title | Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Salivary Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | salivary biomarkers for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases a systematic review |
| topic | inflammatory bowel disease saliva biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/20/7477 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kacpernijakowski salivarybiomarkersfordiagnosisofinflammatoryboweldiseasesasystematicreview AT annasurdacka salivarybiomarkersfordiagnosisofinflammatoryboweldiseasesasystematicreview |