Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea
Abstract Background Low muscle mass is associated with adverse health outcomes such as functional decline and all-cause mortality. This study investigated the relationship between the risk of low muscle mass and the training period and/or frequency of resistance training (RT). Methods We included 12...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | European Review of Aging and Physical Activity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-024-00339-6 |
| _version_ | 1797266948477681664 |
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| author | Jae Ho Park Nam-Kyoo Lim Hyun-Young Park |
| author_facet | Jae Ho Park Nam-Kyoo Lim Hyun-Young Park |
| author_sort | Jae Ho Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Low muscle mass is associated with adverse health outcomes such as functional decline and all-cause mortality. This study investigated the relationship between the risk of low muscle mass and the training period and/or frequency of resistance training (RT). Methods We included 126,339 participants (81,263 women) from nationwide cohorts in Korea. Low muscle mass was defined based on the fat-free mass index. To investigate the presence of an inverse dose–response relationship between RT levels and the risk of low muscle mass, the training period (months) and frequency (per week) of RT were used. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the risk of low muscle mass according to the RT levels. Results Prevalence rates for low muscle mass in our study population were 21.27% and 6.92% in men and women, respectively. When compared with not performing RT, performing RT for 3–4 days/week and ≥5 days/week decreased the risk of low muscle mass by 22% and 27%, respectively, and performing RT for 12–23 months and ≥24 months decreased the risk by 19% and 41%, respectively. When simultaneously considering both training period and frequency, performing RT for either 3–4 days/week or ≥5 days/week was significantly related to risk reduction, provided that the training period was at least 1 year. Importantly, performing RT for more than 2 years resulted in an additional risk reduction. However, there was no additional effect of performing RT for ≥5 days/week compared to 3–4 days/week, regardless of whether the RT duration was 1–2 years or more than 2 years. Conclusions Since performing RT for 5 days/week or more did not yield any additional effects on the risk of low muscle mass, performing RT for 3–4 days/week was sufficient to prevent low muscle mass. The effectiveness of this preventive measure can be further enhanced by engaging in long-term RT, specifically for more than 2 years. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:08:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e26dfe20597441438c01cdef825d130d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1861-6909 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:08:48Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Review of Aging and Physical Activity |
| spelling | doaj.art-e26dfe20597441438c01cdef825d130d2024-03-10T12:08:10ZengBMCEuropean Review of Aging and Physical Activity1861-69092024-03-0121111010.1186/s11556-024-00339-6Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in KoreaJae Ho Park0Nam-Kyoo Lim1Hyun-Young Park2Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention AgencyDivision of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention AgencyKorea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention AgencyAbstract Background Low muscle mass is associated with adverse health outcomes such as functional decline and all-cause mortality. This study investigated the relationship between the risk of low muscle mass and the training period and/or frequency of resistance training (RT). Methods We included 126,339 participants (81,263 women) from nationwide cohorts in Korea. Low muscle mass was defined based on the fat-free mass index. To investigate the presence of an inverse dose–response relationship between RT levels and the risk of low muscle mass, the training period (months) and frequency (per week) of RT were used. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the risk of low muscle mass according to the RT levels. Results Prevalence rates for low muscle mass in our study population were 21.27% and 6.92% in men and women, respectively. When compared with not performing RT, performing RT for 3–4 days/week and ≥5 days/week decreased the risk of low muscle mass by 22% and 27%, respectively, and performing RT for 12–23 months and ≥24 months decreased the risk by 19% and 41%, respectively. When simultaneously considering both training period and frequency, performing RT for either 3–4 days/week or ≥5 days/week was significantly related to risk reduction, provided that the training period was at least 1 year. Importantly, performing RT for more than 2 years resulted in an additional risk reduction. However, there was no additional effect of performing RT for ≥5 days/week compared to 3–4 days/week, regardless of whether the RT duration was 1–2 years or more than 2 years. Conclusions Since performing RT for 5 days/week or more did not yield any additional effects on the risk of low muscle mass, performing RT for 3–4 days/week was sufficient to prevent low muscle mass. The effectiveness of this preventive measure can be further enhanced by engaging in long-term RT, specifically for more than 2 years.https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-024-00339-6Resistance trainingLow muscle massFat-free mass indexPopulation study |
| spellingShingle | Jae Ho Park Nam-Kyoo Lim Hyun-Young Park Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea European Review of Aging and Physical Activity Resistance training Low muscle mass Fat-free mass index Population study |
| title | Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea |
| title_full | Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea |
| title_fullStr | Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea |
| title_short | Associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea |
| title_sort | associations of resistance training levels with low muscle mass a nationwide cross sectional study in korea |
| topic | Resistance training Low muscle mass Fat-free mass index Population study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-024-00339-6 |
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