Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus
Abstract Background Swine influenza viruses (SIV), considered the “mixing vessels” of influenza viruses, posed a significant threat to global health systems and are dangerous pathogens. Eurasian avian-like H1N1(EA-H1N1) viruses have become predominant in swine populations in China since 2016. Method...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Virology Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-022-01936-6 |
| _version_ | 1828123299982344192 |
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| author | Hechao Zhu Xiangmin Li Huanchun Chen Ping Qian |
| author_facet | Hechao Zhu Xiangmin Li Huanchun Chen Ping Qian |
| author_sort | Hechao Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Swine influenza viruses (SIV), considered the “mixing vessels” of influenza viruses, posed a significant threat to global health systems and are dangerous pathogens. Eurasian avian-like H1N1(EA-H1N1) viruses have become predominant in swine populations in China since 2016. Methods Lung tissue samples were obtained from pregnant sows with miscarriage and respiratory disease in Heilongjiang province, and pathogens were detected by Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PCR. The nucleic acid of isolates was extracted to detect SIV by RT-PCR. Then, SIV-positive samples were inoculated into embryonated chicken eggs. After successive generations, the isolates were identified by RT-PCR, IFA, WB and TEM. The genetic evolution and pathogenicity to mice of A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 were analyzed. Results The major pathogens were influenza virus (31%), Simbu orthobunyavirus (15%) and Jingmen tick virus (8%) by NGS, while the pathogen that can cause miscarriage and respiratory disease was influenza virus. The SIV(A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020) with hemagglutination activity was isolated from lung samples and was successfully identified by RT-PCR, IFA, WB and TEM. Homology and phylogenetic analysis showed that A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 is most closely related to A/swine/Henan/SN/10/2018 and belonged to EA-H1N1. Pathogenicity in mice showed that the EA-H1N1 could cause lethal or exhibit extrapulmonary virus spread and cause severe damage to respiratory tracts effectively proliferating in lung and trachea. Conclusion A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 (EA-H1N1) virus was isolated from pregnant sows with miscarriage and respiratory disease in Heilongjiang province, China. Clinical signs associated with influenza infection were observed during 14 days with A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 infected mice. These data suggest that A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 (EA-H1N1) had high pathogenicity and could be systemic spread in mice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:49:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e271fea93cb644a59ab5e1940d1fee84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1743-422X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:49:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Virology Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-e271fea93cb644a59ab5e1940d1fee842022-12-22T04:17:32ZengBMCVirology Journal1743-422X2022-12-0119111210.1186/s12985-022-01936-6Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virusHechao Zhu0Xiangmin Li1Huanchun Chen2Ping Qian3State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Swine influenza viruses (SIV), considered the “mixing vessels” of influenza viruses, posed a significant threat to global health systems and are dangerous pathogens. Eurasian avian-like H1N1(EA-H1N1) viruses have become predominant in swine populations in China since 2016. Methods Lung tissue samples were obtained from pregnant sows with miscarriage and respiratory disease in Heilongjiang province, and pathogens were detected by Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PCR. The nucleic acid of isolates was extracted to detect SIV by RT-PCR. Then, SIV-positive samples were inoculated into embryonated chicken eggs. After successive generations, the isolates were identified by RT-PCR, IFA, WB and TEM. The genetic evolution and pathogenicity to mice of A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 were analyzed. Results The major pathogens were influenza virus (31%), Simbu orthobunyavirus (15%) and Jingmen tick virus (8%) by NGS, while the pathogen that can cause miscarriage and respiratory disease was influenza virus. The SIV(A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020) with hemagglutination activity was isolated from lung samples and was successfully identified by RT-PCR, IFA, WB and TEM. Homology and phylogenetic analysis showed that A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 is most closely related to A/swine/Henan/SN/10/2018 and belonged to EA-H1N1. Pathogenicity in mice showed that the EA-H1N1 could cause lethal or exhibit extrapulmonary virus spread and cause severe damage to respiratory tracts effectively proliferating in lung and trachea. Conclusion A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 (EA-H1N1) virus was isolated from pregnant sows with miscarriage and respiratory disease in Heilongjiang province, China. Clinical signs associated with influenza infection were observed during 14 days with A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 infected mice. These data suggest that A/swine/Heilongjiang/GN/2020 (EA-H1N1) had high pathogenicity and could be systemic spread in mice.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-022-01936-6Next-generation sequencing (NGS)Swine influenzaEurasian avian-like H1N1 virusPhylogenetic analysisPathogenicity |
| spellingShingle | Hechao Zhu Xiangmin Li Huanchun Chen Ping Qian Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus Virology Journal Next-generation sequencing (NGS) Swine influenza Eurasian avian-like H1N1 virus Phylogenetic analysis Pathogenicity |
| title | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus |
| title_full | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus |
| title_fullStr | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus |
| title_short | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza reassortant virus |
| title_sort | genetic characterization and pathogenicity of a eurasian avian like h1n1 swine influenza reassortant virus |
| topic | Next-generation sequencing (NGS) Swine influenza Eurasian avian-like H1N1 virus Phylogenetic analysis Pathogenicity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-022-01936-6 |
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