The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus
Background: Phosphorus is an essential component of fertilizers and feed and in recent decades has become one of the main sustainability issues as a non-renewable resource. In plant seeds, the main reserve of phosphorus is phytic acid, a strong anti-nutritional factor for monogastrics and a pollutan...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/27/10/10.31083/j.fbl2710284 |
| _version_ | 1811330490540490752 |
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| author | Federico Colombo Stefano Sangiorgio Alessandro Abruzzese Monica Bononi Fernando Tateo Sushil Kumar Singh Fabio Francesco Nocito Roberto Pilu |
| author_facet | Federico Colombo Stefano Sangiorgio Alessandro Abruzzese Monica Bononi Fernando Tateo Sushil Kumar Singh Fabio Francesco Nocito Roberto Pilu |
| author_sort | Federico Colombo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Phosphorus is an essential component of fertilizers and feed and in recent decades has become one of the main sustainability issues as a non-renewable resource. In plant seeds, the main reserve of phosphorus is phytic acid, a strong anti-nutritional factor for monogastrics and a pollutant of cultivated lands. The reduction of phytic acid in cereal seeds has become a major challenge in breeding programs to increase the nutritional quality of foods and feeds and to improve the environmental phosphorus sustainability in agriculture. In maize (Zea mays L.), four low phytic acid (lpa) mutations have been isolated and lpa1-1 is the most promising. However, the reduction of phytic acid in lpa1-1 leads to many adverse pleiotropic effects on the seed and in general on plant performance. A seed weight reduction and a consequent yield loss were previously described in this mutant. Method: In this work, a field experiment to study seed weight and yield was conducted for two years in two different genetic backgrounds (B73 and B73/Mo17). Furthermore, the greater susceptibility of lpa1-1 to drought stress was also investigated: a dedicated field experiment was set up and measurements were carried out under optimal water conditions and moderate drought stress. Results: From the first experiment it emerges that under high-input conditions, lpa1-1 seems to have comparable or even better yield than the relative control. The main problem of this mutant remains the reduced field emergence (~40%). In the study of drought stress it was found that the increased sensitivity in the mutant is mainly caused by an altered stomatal regulation, but not by a less developed root system, as previously reported. When the stress occurred, the parameters measured did not significantly change in the wild-type, while they dropped in the mutant: the net photosynthesis decreased by 58%, the transpiration rate by 63% and the stomatal conductance by 67%. Conclusions: Some possible solutions have been proposed, with the aim of developing a commercial variety, which remains the main goal to exploit the nutritional benefits of low phytic acid mutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T16:03:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2768-6701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T16:03:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
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| series | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
| spelling | doaj.art-e277168aadf54409854eb7702fe97b7d2022-12-22T02:40:28ZengIMR PressFrontiers in Bioscience-Landmark2768-67012022-10-01271028410.31083/j.fbl2710284S2768-6701(22)00652-9The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable PhosphorusFederico Colombo0Stefano Sangiorgio1Alessandro Abruzzese2Monica Bononi3Fernando Tateo4Sushil Kumar Singh5Fabio Francesco Nocito6Roberto Pilu7Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyFood & Environment Research Laboratories—Analytical Chemistry and Technology—Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyFood & Environment Research Laboratories—Analytical Chemistry and Technology—Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDBT-North East Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agriculture University, 785013 Jorhat, Assam, IndiaDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyBackground: Phosphorus is an essential component of fertilizers and feed and in recent decades has become one of the main sustainability issues as a non-renewable resource. In plant seeds, the main reserve of phosphorus is phytic acid, a strong anti-nutritional factor for monogastrics and a pollutant of cultivated lands. The reduction of phytic acid in cereal seeds has become a major challenge in breeding programs to increase the nutritional quality of foods and feeds and to improve the environmental phosphorus sustainability in agriculture. In maize (Zea mays L.), four low phytic acid (lpa) mutations have been isolated and lpa1-1 is the most promising. However, the reduction of phytic acid in lpa1-1 leads to many adverse pleiotropic effects on the seed and in general on plant performance. A seed weight reduction and a consequent yield loss were previously described in this mutant. Method: In this work, a field experiment to study seed weight and yield was conducted for two years in two different genetic backgrounds (B73 and B73/Mo17). Furthermore, the greater susceptibility of lpa1-1 to drought stress was also investigated: a dedicated field experiment was set up and measurements were carried out under optimal water conditions and moderate drought stress. Results: From the first experiment it emerges that under high-input conditions, lpa1-1 seems to have comparable or even better yield than the relative control. The main problem of this mutant remains the reduced field emergence (~40%). In the study of drought stress it was found that the increased sensitivity in the mutant is mainly caused by an altered stomatal regulation, but not by a less developed root system, as previously reported. When the stress occurred, the parameters measured did not significantly change in the wild-type, while they dropped in the mutant: the net photosynthesis decreased by 58%, the transpiration rate by 63% and the stomatal conductance by 67%. Conclusions: Some possible solutions have been proposed, with the aim of developing a commercial variety, which remains the main goal to exploit the nutritional benefits of low phytic acid mutants.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/27/10/10.31083/j.fbl2710284low phytic acid mutantslpadrought stressroot system architecturestomatal conductanceenvironmental sustainabilityseed qualitycarbon isotope discrimination |
| spellingShingle | Federico Colombo Stefano Sangiorgio Alessandro Abruzzese Monica Bononi Fernando Tateo Sushil Kumar Singh Fabio Francesco Nocito Roberto Pilu The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark low phytic acid mutants lpa drought stress root system architecture stomatal conductance environmental sustainability seed quality carbon isotope discrimination |
| title | The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus |
| title_full | The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus |
| title_fullStr | The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus |
| title_short | The Potential of Low Phytic Acid1-1 Mutant in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Sustainable Solution to Non-Renewable Phosphorus |
| title_sort | potential of low phytic acid1 1 mutant in maize zea mays l a sustainable solution to non renewable phosphorus |
| topic | low phytic acid mutants lpa drought stress root system architecture stomatal conductance environmental sustainability seed quality carbon isotope discrimination |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/27/10/10.31083/j.fbl2710284 |
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