3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications
Abstract This paper presents a twelve-port ultra-wideband multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna integrated with GSM and Bluetooth bands. The twelve-port antenna is constructed by arranging four elements in the horizontal plane and eight elements in the vertical plane. The antenna e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04318-0 |
| _version_ | 1819006840355160064 |
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| author | Lekha Kannappan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Preetam Kumar M. Gulam Nabi Alsath Sachin Kumar Thipparaju Rama Rao Mohamed Marey Apeksha Aggarwal Jayaram K. Pakkathillam |
| author_facet | Lekha Kannappan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Preetam Kumar M. Gulam Nabi Alsath Sachin Kumar Thipparaju Rama Rao Mohamed Marey Apeksha Aggarwal Jayaram K. Pakkathillam |
| author_sort | Lekha Kannappan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This paper presents a twelve-port ultra-wideband multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna integrated with GSM and Bluetooth bands. The twelve-port antenna is constructed by arranging four elements in the horizontal plane and eight elements in the vertical plane. The antenna element, which is created using a simple rectangular monopole, exhibits a frequency range of 3.1 to 12 GHz. The additional Bluetooth and GSM bands are achieved by introducing stubs into the ground plane. The size of the MIMO antenna is 100 × 100 mm2. The antenna offers polarization diversity, with vertical and horizontal polarization in each plane. The diversity antenna has a bandwidth of 1.7–1.9 GHz, 2.35–2.55 GHz, and 3–12 GHz, the radiation efficiency of 90%, and peak gain of 2.19 dBi. The proposed antenna offers an envelope correlation coefficient of < 0.12, apparent diversity gain of > 9.9 dB, effective diversity gain of > 8.9 dB, mean effective gain of < 1 dB, and channel capacity loss of < 0.35 bits/s/Hz. Also, the MIMO antenna is tested for housing effects in order to determine its suitability for automotive applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T00:15:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e286c37332e345ce80646e9f7fedfad5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T00:15:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-e286c37332e345ce80646e9f7fedfad52022-12-21T19:22:15ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-01-0112112210.1038/s41598-021-04318-03-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communicationsLekha Kannappan0Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy1Malathi Kanagasabai2Preetam Kumar3M. Gulam Nabi Alsath4Sachin Kumar5Thipparaju Rama Rao6Mohamed Marey7Apeksha Aggarwal8Jayaram K. Pakkathillam9Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna UniversityDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sivasubramania Nadar (SSN) College of EngineeringDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and TechnologySmart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan UniversityDepartment of Computer Science Engineering & Information Technology, Jaypee Institute of Information TechnologyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAbstract This paper presents a twelve-port ultra-wideband multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna integrated with GSM and Bluetooth bands. The twelve-port antenna is constructed by arranging four elements in the horizontal plane and eight elements in the vertical plane. The antenna element, which is created using a simple rectangular monopole, exhibits a frequency range of 3.1 to 12 GHz. The additional Bluetooth and GSM bands are achieved by introducing stubs into the ground plane. The size of the MIMO antenna is 100 × 100 mm2. The antenna offers polarization diversity, with vertical and horizontal polarization in each plane. The diversity antenna has a bandwidth of 1.7–1.9 GHz, 2.35–2.55 GHz, and 3–12 GHz, the radiation efficiency of 90%, and peak gain of 2.19 dBi. The proposed antenna offers an envelope correlation coefficient of < 0.12, apparent diversity gain of > 9.9 dB, effective diversity gain of > 8.9 dB, mean effective gain of < 1 dB, and channel capacity loss of < 0.35 bits/s/Hz. Also, the MIMO antenna is tested for housing effects in order to determine its suitability for automotive applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04318-0 |
| spellingShingle | Lekha Kannappan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Preetam Kumar M. Gulam Nabi Alsath Sachin Kumar Thipparaju Rama Rao Mohamed Marey Apeksha Aggarwal Jayaram K. Pakkathillam 3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications Scientific Reports |
| title | 3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications |
| title_full | 3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications |
| title_fullStr | 3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications |
| title_full_unstemmed | 3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications |
| title_short | 3-D twelve-port multi-service diversity antenna for automotive communications |
| title_sort | 3 d twelve port multi service diversity antenna for automotive communications |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04318-0 |
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