Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia
Abstract Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended at the initial phase for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum, to reduce morbidity and mortality in all countries where malaria is endemic. Polymorphism in portions of P. falciparum gene encoding kelch (K13)-propeller domai...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03467-3 |
| _version_ | 1818403424049299456 |
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| author | Ommer Mohammed Dafalla Mohammed Alzahrani Ahmed Sahli Mohammed Abdulla Al Helal Mohammad Mohammad Alhazmi Elsiddig Mohammed Noureldin Waheed Sideeg Mohamed Tajeldin Bashir Hamid Aymen Awad Abdelhaleem Yahya Ali Hobani Ommar Ali Arif Ibrahim Munagi Bokar Abdulazai Mohammed Hakami Zaki Manawar Eisa |
| author_facet | Ommer Mohammed Dafalla Mohammed Alzahrani Ahmed Sahli Mohammed Abdulla Al Helal Mohammad Mohammad Alhazmi Elsiddig Mohammed Noureldin Waheed Sideeg Mohamed Tajeldin Bashir Hamid Aymen Awad Abdelhaleem Yahya Ali Hobani Ommar Ali Arif Ibrahim Munagi Bokar Abdulazai Mohammed Hakami Zaki Manawar Eisa |
| author_sort | Ommer Mohammed Dafalla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended at the initial phase for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum, to reduce morbidity and mortality in all countries where malaria is endemic. Polymorphism in portions of P. falciparum gene encoding kelch (K13)-propeller domains is associated with delayed parasite clearance after ACT. Of about 124 different non-synonymous mutations, 46 have been identified in Southeast Asia (SEA), 62 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and 16 in both the regions. This is the first study designed to analyse the prevalence of polymorphism in the P. falciparum k13-propeller domain in the Jazan region of southwest Saudi Arabia, where malaria is endemic. Methods One-hundred and forty P. falciparum samples were collected from Jazan region of southwest Saudi Arabia at three different times: 20 samples in 2011, 40 samples in 2016 and 80 samples in 2020 after the implementation of ACT. Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 (k13) gene DNA was extracted, amplified, sequenced, and analysed using a basic local alignment search tool (BLAST). Results This study obtained 51 non-synonymous (NS) mutations in three time groups, divided as follows: 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ‘11.8%’ in samples collected in 2011 only, 3 (5.9%) in 2011and 2016, 5 (9.8%) in 2011 and 2020, 5 (9.8%) in 2016 only, 8 (15.7%) in 2016 and 2020, 14 (27.5%) in 2020 and 10 (19.6%) in all the groups. The BLAST revealed that the 2011 isolates were genetically closer to African isolates (53.3%) than Asian ones (46.7%). Interestingly, this proportion changed completely in 2020, to become closer to Asian isolates (81.6%) than to African ones (18.4%). Conclusions Despite the diversity of the identified mutations in the k13-propeller gene, these data did not report widespread artemisinin-resistant polymorphisms in the Jazan region where these samples were collected. Such a process would be expected to increase frequencies of mutations associated with the resistance of ACT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:24:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e28c7786d4a64a5a90c0dafb16b83f76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:24:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-e28c7786d4a64a5a90c0dafb16b83f762022-12-21T23:09:41ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752020-11-011911910.1186/s12936-020-03467-3Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi ArabiaOmmer Mohammed Dafalla0Mohammed Alzahrani1Ahmed Sahli2Mohammed Abdulla Al Helal3Mohammad Mohammad Alhazmi4Elsiddig Mohammed Noureldin5Waheed Sideeg Mohamed6Tajeldin Bashir Hamid7Aymen Awad Abdelhaleem8Yahya Ali Hobani9Ommar Ali Arif10Ibrahim Munagi Bokar11Abdulazai Mohammed Hakami12Zaki Manawar Eisa13National Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlZoonotic and Vector – Borne Diseases Ministry of HealthZoonotic and Vector – Borne Diseases Ministry of HealthZoonotic and Vector – Borne Diseases Ministry of HealthDepartment of Medicine, King Fahad Central Hospital Ministry of HealthNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlZoonotic and Vector – Borne Diseases Ministry of HealthMedical Research Center, Jazan UniversityNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlNational Center for Diseases Prevention and ControlAbstract Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended at the initial phase for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum, to reduce morbidity and mortality in all countries where malaria is endemic. Polymorphism in portions of P. falciparum gene encoding kelch (K13)-propeller domains is associated with delayed parasite clearance after ACT. Of about 124 different non-synonymous mutations, 46 have been identified in Southeast Asia (SEA), 62 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and 16 in both the regions. This is the first study designed to analyse the prevalence of polymorphism in the P. falciparum k13-propeller domain in the Jazan region of southwest Saudi Arabia, where malaria is endemic. Methods One-hundred and forty P. falciparum samples were collected from Jazan region of southwest Saudi Arabia at three different times: 20 samples in 2011, 40 samples in 2016 and 80 samples in 2020 after the implementation of ACT. Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 (k13) gene DNA was extracted, amplified, sequenced, and analysed using a basic local alignment search tool (BLAST). Results This study obtained 51 non-synonymous (NS) mutations in three time groups, divided as follows: 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ‘11.8%’ in samples collected in 2011 only, 3 (5.9%) in 2011and 2016, 5 (9.8%) in 2011 and 2020, 5 (9.8%) in 2016 only, 8 (15.7%) in 2016 and 2020, 14 (27.5%) in 2020 and 10 (19.6%) in all the groups. The BLAST revealed that the 2011 isolates were genetically closer to African isolates (53.3%) than Asian ones (46.7%). Interestingly, this proportion changed completely in 2020, to become closer to Asian isolates (81.6%) than to African ones (18.4%). Conclusions Despite the diversity of the identified mutations in the k13-propeller gene, these data did not report widespread artemisinin-resistant polymorphisms in the Jazan region where these samples were collected. Such a process would be expected to increase frequencies of mutations associated with the resistance of ACT.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03467-3Plasmodium falciparumk13 polymorphismJazanSaudi Arabia |
| spellingShingle | Ommer Mohammed Dafalla Mohammed Alzahrani Ahmed Sahli Mohammed Abdulla Al Helal Mohammad Mohammad Alhazmi Elsiddig Mohammed Noureldin Waheed Sideeg Mohamed Tajeldin Bashir Hamid Aymen Awad Abdelhaleem Yahya Ali Hobani Ommar Ali Arif Ibrahim Munagi Bokar Abdulazai Mohammed Hakami Zaki Manawar Eisa Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia Malaria Journal Plasmodium falciparum k13 polymorphism Jazan Saudi Arabia |
| title | Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | Kelch 13-propeller polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum from Jazan region, southwest Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | kelch 13 propeller polymorphisms in plasmodium falciparum from jazan region southwest saudi arabia |
| topic | Plasmodium falciparum k13 polymorphism Jazan Saudi Arabia |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03467-3 |
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