Homo- and heterosubtypic low pathogenic avian influenza exposure on H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in wood ducks (Aix sponsa).
Wild birds in the Orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the natural reservoirs for avian influenza (AI) viruses. Although they are often infected with multiple AI viruses, the significance and extent of acquired immunity in these populations is not understood. Pre-existing immunity to AI virus...
Main Authors: | Taiana P Costa, Justin D Brown, Elizabeth W Howerth, David E Stallknecht, David E Swayne |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2011-01-01
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Series: | PLoS ONE |
Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3017094?pdf=render |
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