| Summary: | <p><strong>Purpose</strong>: to study the diversity of the clinical spectrum and prevalence of hereditary ophthalmopathology child population in 12 districts of the Rostov region.<br /><strong>Methods</strong>: We conducted an epidemiological study of hereditary ophthalmopathology population of the Rostov region. the popula- tion surveyed 12 districts of the region — 497460 people, including 97345 children (0-18 years). Regardless of age for the selection of patients used the original protocol of genetic-epidemiological studies, developed over 30 years ago, in Genetic Epidemiology Labora- tory Medical Genetic Research Center.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: In the group of the child population identified 84 patients from 72 families. the most commonly diagnosed congenital cataract various forms (36.1%), congenital horizontal nystagmus (18.0%), monogenic defects eyes (15.6%), congenital ptosis (15.6%), hereditary retinal dystrophy (9, 6%). the overall prevalence of hereditary eye diseases among the adult population was 2.42±0.25, children 8.63±0.94 to 10,000 people.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Conducting genetic epidemiology studies will improve eye health and medical genetic care.</p>
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