Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer
Treatment of patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder or renal cancer has changed significantly during recent years and efforts towards biomarker-directed therapy are being investigated. Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) or fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) directed therapy are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2832 |
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| author | Mathijs P. Scholtes Arnout R. Alberts Iris G. Iflé Paul C. M. S. Verhagen Astrid A. M. van der Veldt Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon |
| author_facet | Mathijs P. Scholtes Arnout R. Alberts Iris G. Iflé Paul C. M. S. Verhagen Astrid A. M. van der Veldt Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon |
| author_sort | Mathijs P. Scholtes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Treatment of patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder or renal cancer has changed significantly during recent years and efforts towards biomarker-directed therapy are being investigated. Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) or fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) directed therapy are being evaluated for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients, as well as muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. Meanwhile, efforts to predict tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) are still ongoing, and genomic biomarkers are being evaluated in prospective clinical trials. Currently, patients with metastatic UC (mUC) are usually treated with second-line ICI, while cisplatin-ineligible patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive tumors can benefit from first-line ICI. Platinum-relapsed UC patients harboring FGFR2/3 mutations can be treated with erdafitinib, while enfortumab vedotin has emerged as a novel third-line treatment option for mUC. In metastatic (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma (RCC), ICI was first introduced as second-line treatment after vascular endothelial growth factor receptor—tyrosine kinase inhibition (VEGFR-TKI). Currently, ICIs have also been introduced as first-line treatment in metastatic RCC. Although there is no evidence up to now for beneficial adjuvant treatment after surgery with VEGFR-TKIs in high-risk non-metastatic RCC, several trials are underway investigating the potential beneficial effect of ICIs in this setting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:21:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2b70ddbbce5408e9b7b7fe025e7f7f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:21:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2b70ddbbce5408e9b7b7fe025e7f7f72023-11-21T10:00:04ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-03-01226283210.3390/ijms22062832Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal CancerMathijs P. Scholtes0Arnout R. Alberts1Iris G. Iflé2Paul C. M. S. Verhagen3Astrid A. M. van der Veldt4Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon5Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsTreatment of patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder or renal cancer has changed significantly during recent years and efforts towards biomarker-directed therapy are being investigated. Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) or fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) directed therapy are being evaluated for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients, as well as muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. Meanwhile, efforts to predict tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) are still ongoing, and genomic biomarkers are being evaluated in prospective clinical trials. Currently, patients with metastatic UC (mUC) are usually treated with second-line ICI, while cisplatin-ineligible patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive tumors can benefit from first-line ICI. Platinum-relapsed UC patients harboring FGFR2/3 mutations can be treated with erdafitinib, while enfortumab vedotin has emerged as a novel third-line treatment option for mUC. In metastatic (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma (RCC), ICI was first introduced as second-line treatment after vascular endothelial growth factor receptor—tyrosine kinase inhibition (VEGFR-TKI). Currently, ICIs have also been introduced as first-line treatment in metastatic RCC. Although there is no evidence up to now for beneficial adjuvant treatment after surgery with VEGFR-TKIs in high-risk non-metastatic RCC, several trials are underway investigating the potential beneficial effect of ICIs in this setting.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2832biomarker guided therapytargeted therapybladder cancerrenal cancerimmune checkpoint inhibitor |
| spellingShingle | Mathijs P. Scholtes Arnout R. Alberts Iris G. Iflé Paul C. M. S. Verhagen Astrid A. M. van der Veldt Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences biomarker guided therapy targeted therapy bladder cancer renal cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor |
| title | Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer |
| title_full | Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer |
| title_short | Biomarker-Oriented Therapy in Bladder and Renal Cancer |
| title_sort | biomarker oriented therapy in bladder and renal cancer |
| topic | biomarker guided therapy targeted therapy bladder cancer renal cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2832 |
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