Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model
It is well established that cells, tissues, and organisms exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation can induce effects in non-irradiated neighbors (non-targeted effects or NTE), but the mechanisms remain unclear. This is especially true of the initial steps leading to the release of signaling molec...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16464 |
| _version_ | 1797459015287963648 |
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| author | Bruno F. E. Matarèse Andrej Rusin Colin Seymour Carmel Mothersill |
| author_facet | Bruno F. E. Matarèse Andrej Rusin Colin Seymour Carmel Mothersill |
| author_sort | Bruno F. E. Matarèse |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is well established that cells, tissues, and organisms exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation can induce effects in non-irradiated neighbors (non-targeted effects or NTE), but the mechanisms remain unclear. This is especially true of the initial steps leading to the release of signaling molecules contained in exosomes. Voltage-gated ion channels, photon emissions, and calcium fluxes are all involved but the precise sequence of events is not yet known. We identified what may be a quantum entanglement type of effect and this prompted us to consider whether aspects of quantum biology such as tunneling and entanglement may underlie the initial events leading to NTE. We review the field where it may be relevant to ionizing radiation processes. These include NTE, low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity, hormesis, and the adaptive response. Finally, we present a possible quantum biological-based model for NTE. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:45:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2c89317b49b47b89dccbb1715d37d1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:45:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2c89317b49b47b89dccbb1715d37d1f2023-11-24T14:47:46ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-11-0124221646410.3390/ijms242216464Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed ModelBruno F. E. Matarèse0Andrej Rusin1Colin Seymour2Carmel Mothersill3Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UKDepartment of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, CanadaDepartment of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, CanadaDepartment of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, CanadaIt is well established that cells, tissues, and organisms exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation can induce effects in non-irradiated neighbors (non-targeted effects or NTE), but the mechanisms remain unclear. This is especially true of the initial steps leading to the release of signaling molecules contained in exosomes. Voltage-gated ion channels, photon emissions, and calcium fluxes are all involved but the precise sequence of events is not yet known. We identified what may be a quantum entanglement type of effect and this prompted us to consider whether aspects of quantum biology such as tunneling and entanglement may underlie the initial events leading to NTE. We review the field where it may be relevant to ionizing radiation processes. These include NTE, low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity, hormesis, and the adaptive response. Finally, we present a possible quantum biological-based model for NTE.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16464quantum biologynon-targeted effects (NTE)bystander effect (RIBE)stressorsenvironmental radiation exposurecellular communication |
| spellingShingle | Bruno F. E. Matarèse Andrej Rusin Colin Seymour Carmel Mothersill Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model International Journal of Molecular Sciences quantum biology non-targeted effects (NTE) bystander effect (RIBE) stressors environmental radiation exposure cellular communication |
| title | Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model |
| title_full | Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model |
| title_fullStr | Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model |
| title_short | Quantum Biology and the Potential Role of Entanglement and Tunneling in Non-Targeted Effects of Ionizing Radiation: A Review and Proposed Model |
| title_sort | quantum biology and the potential role of entanglement and tunneling in non targeted effects of ionizing radiation a review and proposed model |
| topic | quantum biology non-targeted effects (NTE) bystander effect (RIBE) stressors environmental radiation exposure cellular communication |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16464 |
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