Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators
The present study aims to assess the spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment of the western bed of Urmia Lake and around Soil by using pollution Indicators. For this aim, Twenty soil and surface sediment samples (0-20 cm) were collected, and metals concentration was determined by Inductivel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Environmental Resources Research |
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| Online Access: | https://ijerr.gau.ac.ir/article_6698_0f2b7720b8697611687866c91ff6c14b.pdf |
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| author | Fatemeh Naghshafkan Hossein Pirkharrati Khalil Farhadi Nooshin Soltanalinejad |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Naghshafkan Hossein Pirkharrati Khalil Farhadi Nooshin Soltanalinejad |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Naghshafkan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study aims to assess the spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment of the western bed of Urmia Lake and around Soil by using pollution Indicators. For this aim, Twenty soil and surface sediment samples (0-20 cm) were collected, and metals concentration was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. The average total concentration of nickel, manganese, cadmium, chromium, boron, and bismuth are 19.97, 163.56, 0.39, 14.68, 68.38, and 0.76 mg kg-1 respectively. The Geo accumulation Index for nickel, manganese, chromium, cadmium, and boron are in the non-polluted category and bismuth is in the non-polluted category for moderate pollution. Investigation of the enrichment factor shows that the manganese is moderate to severe; nickel, chromium, and boron are severe, and cadmium and bismuth, are at an enormous enrichment level. Calculation of Contamination Factors in the region indicates that cadmium, boron, and bismuth are in the middle pollution category. The result of Pearson correlation coefficient analysis shows that the calcium carbonate content of the soil with all metals has a negative correlation, and would reduce mobility and decrease the pollution of metals. The results of this study indicate that the total concentration of the boron in the sediments of the Urmia lake bed is significantly higher than the average of the crust. Also, cadmium concentration in agricultural land is higher than the average in the earth's crust, and controlling actions should be implemented to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers as a factor in increasing the concentration of cadmium. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T01:58:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2cee9e9b9a7442f87cb126b0ca9ae87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2783-4832 2783-4670 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T01:58:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Resources Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2cee9e9b9a7442f87cb126b0ca9ae872024-02-14T08:33:49ZengGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesEnvironmental Resources Research2783-48322783-46702023-12-0111227128210.22069/ijerr.2024.20569.13826698Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicatorsFatemeh Naghshafkan0Hossein Pirkharrati1Khalil Farhadi2Nooshin Soltanalinejad3Department of Geology, Urmia University,Urmia, IranAssociate Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University.Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, IranSoil Science Department, Urmia University, Urmia, IranThe present study aims to assess the spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment of the western bed of Urmia Lake and around Soil by using pollution Indicators. For this aim, Twenty soil and surface sediment samples (0-20 cm) were collected, and metals concentration was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. The average total concentration of nickel, manganese, cadmium, chromium, boron, and bismuth are 19.97, 163.56, 0.39, 14.68, 68.38, and 0.76 mg kg-1 respectively. The Geo accumulation Index for nickel, manganese, chromium, cadmium, and boron are in the non-polluted category and bismuth is in the non-polluted category for moderate pollution. Investigation of the enrichment factor shows that the manganese is moderate to severe; nickel, chromium, and boron are severe, and cadmium and bismuth, are at an enormous enrichment level. Calculation of Contamination Factors in the region indicates that cadmium, boron, and bismuth are in the middle pollution category. The result of Pearson correlation coefficient analysis shows that the calcium carbonate content of the soil with all metals has a negative correlation, and would reduce mobility and decrease the pollution of metals. The results of this study indicate that the total concentration of the boron in the sediments of the Urmia lake bed is significantly higher than the average of the crust. Also, cadmium concentration in agricultural land is higher than the average in the earth's crust, and controlling actions should be implemented to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers as a factor in increasing the concentration of cadmium.https://ijerr.gau.ac.ir/article_6698_0f2b7720b8697611687866c91ff6c14b.pdfheavy metalssoil contaminationurmia lakefarming land |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Naghshafkan Hossein Pirkharrati Khalil Farhadi Nooshin Soltanalinejad Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators Environmental Resources Research heavy metals soil contamination urmia lake farming land |
| title | Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators |
| title_full | Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators |
| title_short | Evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around Urmia Lake and city by soil pollution indicators |
| title_sort | evaluation of some heavy metals contamination around urmia lake and city by soil pollution indicators |
| topic | heavy metals soil contamination urmia lake farming land |
| url | https://ijerr.gau.ac.ir/article_6698_0f2b7720b8697611687866c91ff6c14b.pdf |
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