Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm.
In several research studies, the reactivation extinction paradigm did not effectively prevent the return of fear if administered without any intervention technique. Therefore, in this study, the authors hypothesized that playing music (high valence, low arousal) during the reconsolidation window may...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0293880&type=printable |
| _version_ | 1797295176159330304 |
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| author | Ankita Verma Sharmili Mitra Abdulrahman Khamaj Vivek Kant Manish Kumar Asthana |
| author_facet | Ankita Verma Sharmili Mitra Abdulrahman Khamaj Vivek Kant Manish Kumar Asthana |
| author_sort | Ankita Verma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In several research studies, the reactivation extinction paradigm did not effectively prevent the return of fear if administered without any intervention technique. Therefore, in this study, the authors hypothesized that playing music (high valence, low arousal) during the reconsolidation window may be a viable intervention technique for eliminating fear-related responses. A three-day auditory differential fear conditioning paradigm was used to establish fear conditioning. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups, i.e., one control group, standard extinction (SE), and two experimental groups, reactivation extinction Group (RE) and music reactivation extinction (MRE), of twenty participants in each group. Day 1 included the habituation and fear acquisition phases; on Day 2 (after 24 hours), the intervention was conducted, and re-extinction took place on Day 3. Skin conductance responses were used as the primary outcome measure. Results indicated that the MRE group was more effective in reducing fear response than the RE and SE groups in the re-extinction phase. Furthermore, there was no significant difference observed between SE and RE groups. This is the first study known to demonstrate the effectiveness of music intervention in preventing the return of fear in a healthy individual. Therefore, it might also be employed as an intervention strategy (non-pharmacological approach) for military veterans, in emotion regulation, those diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, and those suffering from specific phobias. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:42:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2f0e4f0645d44968c7882973485786b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:42:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2f0e4f0645d44968c7882973485786b2024-02-26T05:31:59ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-01192e029388010.1371/journal.pone.0293880Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm.Ankita VermaSharmili MitraAbdulrahman KhamajVivek KantManish Kumar AsthanaIn several research studies, the reactivation extinction paradigm did not effectively prevent the return of fear if administered without any intervention technique. Therefore, in this study, the authors hypothesized that playing music (high valence, low arousal) during the reconsolidation window may be a viable intervention technique for eliminating fear-related responses. A three-day auditory differential fear conditioning paradigm was used to establish fear conditioning. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups, i.e., one control group, standard extinction (SE), and two experimental groups, reactivation extinction Group (RE) and music reactivation extinction (MRE), of twenty participants in each group. Day 1 included the habituation and fear acquisition phases; on Day 2 (after 24 hours), the intervention was conducted, and re-extinction took place on Day 3. Skin conductance responses were used as the primary outcome measure. Results indicated that the MRE group was more effective in reducing fear response than the RE and SE groups in the re-extinction phase. Furthermore, there was no significant difference observed between SE and RE groups. This is the first study known to demonstrate the effectiveness of music intervention in preventing the return of fear in a healthy individual. Therefore, it might also be employed as an intervention strategy (non-pharmacological approach) for military veterans, in emotion regulation, those diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, and those suffering from specific phobias.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0293880&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Ankita Verma Sharmili Mitra Abdulrahman Khamaj Vivek Kant Manish Kumar Asthana Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm. PLoS ONE |
| title | Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm. |
| title_full | Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm. |
| title_fullStr | Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm. |
| title_short | Preventing fear return in humans: Music-based intervention during reactivation-extinction paradigm. |
| title_sort | preventing fear return in humans music based intervention during reactivation extinction paradigm |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0293880&type=printable |
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