High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles
A novel and efficient enzymatic glucose sensor was fabricated based on Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs)-modified urchin-like ZnO nanoflowers (ZnONFs). ZnONFs were hydrothermally synthesizing on a flex...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/8/977 |
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| author | Qi Mao Weixuan Jing Weizhuo Gao Zhengying Wei Bian Tian Ming Liu Wei Ren Zhuangde Jiang |
| author_facet | Qi Mao Weixuan Jing Weizhuo Gao Zhengying Wei Bian Tian Ming Liu Wei Ren Zhuangde Jiang |
| author_sort | Qi Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel and efficient enzymatic glucose sensor was fabricated based on Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs)-modified urchin-like ZnO nanoflowers (ZnONFs). ZnONFs were hydrothermally synthesizing on a flexible PET substrate. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs were deposited on the surface of the ZnONFs by the drop-coating process. The results showed that the urchin-like ZnONFs provided strong support for enzyme adsorption. For Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs, it significantly promoted the redox electron transfer from the active center of GOx to the ZnO nanoflowers beneath. More importantly, it promoted the hydrolysis of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, the intermediate product of glucose catalytic reaction, and thus improved the electron yield. The sensitivity of the Nafion/GOx/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs/ZnONFs/Au/PET sensor was up to 4.52 μA·mM<sup>−1</sup>·cm<sup>−2</sup>, which was improved by 7.93 times more than the Nafion/GOx/ZnONFs/Au/PET sensors (0.57 μA·mM<sup>−1</sup>·cm<sup>−2</sup>). The detection limit and linear range were also improved. Additionally, the as-fabricated glucose sensors show strong anti-interference performance in the test environment containing organic compounds (such as urea, uric acid, and ascorbic acid) and inorganic salt (for instance, NaCl and KCl). The glucose sensor’s service life was evaluated, and it can still maintain about 80% detection performance when it was reused about 20 times. Compared with other existing sensors, the as-fabricated glucose sensor exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide detection range. In addition, the introduction of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs optimized the catalytic efficiency from the perspective of the reaction mechanism and provided potential ideas for improving the performance of other enzymatic biosensors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:35:37Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:35:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
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| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2f283f70091466da1efc1245e37fd532023-11-22T08:44:56ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2021-08-0112897710.3390/mi12080977High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic ParticlesQi Mao0Weixuan Jing1Weizhuo Gao2Zhengying Wei3Bian Tian4Ming Liu5Wei Ren6Zhuangde Jiang7State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaElectronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaElectronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaA novel and efficient enzymatic glucose sensor was fabricated based on Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs)-modified urchin-like ZnO nanoflowers (ZnONFs). ZnONFs were hydrothermally synthesizing on a flexible PET substrate. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs were deposited on the surface of the ZnONFs by the drop-coating process. The results showed that the urchin-like ZnONFs provided strong support for enzyme adsorption. For Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs, it significantly promoted the redox electron transfer from the active center of GOx to the ZnO nanoflowers beneath. More importantly, it promoted the hydrolysis of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, the intermediate product of glucose catalytic reaction, and thus improved the electron yield. The sensitivity of the Nafion/GOx/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs/ZnONFs/Au/PET sensor was up to 4.52 μA·mM<sup>−1</sup>·cm<sup>−2</sup>, which was improved by 7.93 times more than the Nafion/GOx/ZnONFs/Au/PET sensors (0.57 μA·mM<sup>−1</sup>·cm<sup>−2</sup>). The detection limit and linear range were also improved. Additionally, the as-fabricated glucose sensors show strong anti-interference performance in the test environment containing organic compounds (such as urea, uric acid, and ascorbic acid) and inorganic salt (for instance, NaCl and KCl). The glucose sensor’s service life was evaluated, and it can still maintain about 80% detection performance when it was reused about 20 times. Compared with other existing sensors, the as-fabricated glucose sensor exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide detection range. In addition, the introduction of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>MNPs optimized the catalytic efficiency from the perspective of the reaction mechanism and provided potential ideas for improving the performance of other enzymatic biosensors.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/8/977enzymatic glucose sensorFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticlesZnO nanoflowersenzymeelectrochemical sensor |
| spellingShingle | Qi Mao Weixuan Jing Weizhuo Gao Zhengying Wei Bian Tian Ming Liu Wei Ren Zhuangde Jiang High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles Micromachines enzymatic glucose sensor Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles ZnO nanoflowers enzyme electrochemical sensor |
| title | High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles |
| title_full | High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles |
| title_fullStr | High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles |
| title_short | High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on ZnO Urchin-like Nanostructure Modified with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Magnetic Particles |
| title_sort | high sensitivity enzymatic glucose sensor based on zno urchin like nanostructure modified with fe sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub magnetic particles |
| topic | enzymatic glucose sensor Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles ZnO nanoflowers enzyme electrochemical sensor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/8/977 |
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