Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Obesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease during pregnancy. We hypothesized that the co-occurrence of high maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational SARS-CoV-2 infection are detrimental to fetoplacental development. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA/SWiM guidelines an...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/524 |
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| author | Thaina Ferraz Samantha J. Benton Israa Zareef Oluwatomike Aribaloye Enrrico Bloise Kristin L. Connor |
| author_facet | Thaina Ferraz Samantha J. Benton Israa Zareef Oluwatomike Aribaloye Enrrico Bloise Kristin L. Connor |
| author_sort | Thaina Ferraz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease during pregnancy. We hypothesized that the co-occurrence of high maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational SARS-CoV-2 infection are detrimental to fetoplacental development. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA/SWiM guidelines and 13 studies were eligible. In the case series studies (<i>n</i> = 7), the most frequent placental lesions reported in SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high maternal BMI were chronic inflammation (71.4%, 5/7 studies), fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) (71.4%, 5/7 studies), maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) (85.7%, 6/7 studies) and fibrinoids (100%, 7/7 studies). In the cohort studies (<i>n</i> = 4), three studies reported higher rates of chronic inflammation, MVM, FVM and fibrinoids in SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high maternal BMI (72%, <i>n</i> = 107/149; mean BMI of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) compared to SARS-CoV-2(−) pregnancies with high BMI (7.4%, <i>n</i> = 10/135). In the fourth cohort study, common lesions observed in placentae from SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high BMI (<i>n</i> = 187 pregnancies; mean BMI of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) were chronic inflammation (99%, 186/187), MVM (40%, <i>n</i> = 74/187) and FVM (26%, <i>n</i> = 48/187). BMI and SARS-CoV-2 infection had no effect on birth anthropometry. SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy associates with increased prevalence of placental pathologies, and high BMI in these pregnancies could further affect fetoplacental trajectories. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:39:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e2f7ca3ede9243af99961607509d9ca3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:39:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e2f7ca3ede9243af99961607509d9ca32023-11-17T20:47:57ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-03-0112452410.3390/pathogens12040524Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative SynthesisThaina Ferraz0Samantha J. Benton1Israa Zareef2Oluwatomike Aribaloye3Enrrico Bloise4Kristin L. Connor5Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaHealth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaHealth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaHealth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaDepartment of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, BrazilHealth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaObesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease during pregnancy. We hypothesized that the co-occurrence of high maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational SARS-CoV-2 infection are detrimental to fetoplacental development. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA/SWiM guidelines and 13 studies were eligible. In the case series studies (<i>n</i> = 7), the most frequent placental lesions reported in SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high maternal BMI were chronic inflammation (71.4%, 5/7 studies), fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) (71.4%, 5/7 studies), maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) (85.7%, 6/7 studies) and fibrinoids (100%, 7/7 studies). In the cohort studies (<i>n</i> = 4), three studies reported higher rates of chronic inflammation, MVM, FVM and fibrinoids in SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high maternal BMI (72%, <i>n</i> = 107/149; mean BMI of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) compared to SARS-CoV-2(−) pregnancies with high BMI (7.4%, <i>n</i> = 10/135). In the fourth cohort study, common lesions observed in placentae from SARS-CoV-2(+) pregnancies with high BMI (<i>n</i> = 187 pregnancies; mean BMI of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) were chronic inflammation (99%, 186/187), MVM (40%, <i>n</i> = 74/187) and FVM (26%, <i>n</i> = 48/187). BMI and SARS-CoV-2 infection had no effect on birth anthropometry. SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy associates with increased prevalence of placental pathologies, and high BMI in these pregnancies could further affect fetoplacental trajectories.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/524maternalobesitySARS-CoV-2placentapathologyneonatal |
| spellingShingle | Thaina Ferraz Samantha J. Benton Israa Zareef Oluwatomike Aribaloye Enrrico Bloise Kristin L. Connor Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis Pathogens maternal obesity SARS-CoV-2 placenta pathology neonatal |
| title | Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis |
| title_full | Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis |
| title_short | Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis |
| title_sort | impact of co occurrence of obesity and sars cov 2 infection during pregnancy on placental pathologies and adverse birth outcomes a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| topic | maternal obesity SARS-CoV-2 placenta pathology neonatal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/524 |
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