Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria
In greenhouse and field experiments, a mycelial formulation of the fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (IMI 361690) containing 0.20% Silwet L-77 surfactant exhibited high bioherbicidal efficacy against the problematic weed hemp sesbania. Infection and mortality levels of 100% of hemp sesbania seedlings oc...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/4/1/74 |
| _version_ | 1819181829266079744 |
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| author | Clyde D. Boyette Robert E. Hoagland Kenneth C. Stetina |
| author_facet | Clyde D. Boyette Robert E. Hoagland Kenneth C. Stetina |
| author_sort | Clyde D. Boyette |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In greenhouse and field experiments, a mycelial formulation of the fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (IMI 361690) containing 0.20% Silwet L-77 surfactant exhibited high bioherbicidal efficacy against the problematic weed hemp sesbania. Infection and mortality levels of 100% of hemp sesbania seedlings occurred within 48 h after fungal application in the greenhouse. In rice field tests conducted over a three year period, M. verrucaria at an inoculum concentration of 50 g L−1 (dry mycelium equivalent) controlled 95% of ≤20 cm tall hemp sesbania plants. M. verrucaria also controlled larger plants (≥60 cm tall) using this high inoculum concentration. This level of weed control, as well as rice yields from plots where weeds were effectively controlled, were similar to those which occurred with the herbicide acifluorfen. These results suggest that a mycelial formulation of M. verrucaria has potential as a bioherbicide for controlling hemp sesbania in rice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T22:36:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e30a3e6d982e43f0868a34c9404aa669 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T22:36:24Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-e30a3e6d982e43f0868a34c9404aa6692022-12-21T18:10:18ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952014-01-0141748910.3390/agronomy4010074agronomy4010074Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucariaClyde D. Boyette0Robert E. Hoagland1Kenneth C. Stetina2USDA-ARS, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USAUSDA-ARS, Crop Production Systems Research Unit, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USAUSDA-ARS, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USAIn greenhouse and field experiments, a mycelial formulation of the fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (IMI 361690) containing 0.20% Silwet L-77 surfactant exhibited high bioherbicidal efficacy against the problematic weed hemp sesbania. Infection and mortality levels of 100% of hemp sesbania seedlings occurred within 48 h after fungal application in the greenhouse. In rice field tests conducted over a three year period, M. verrucaria at an inoculum concentration of 50 g L−1 (dry mycelium equivalent) controlled 95% of ≤20 cm tall hemp sesbania plants. M. verrucaria also controlled larger plants (≥60 cm tall) using this high inoculum concentration. This level of weed control, as well as rice yields from plots where weeds were effectively controlled, were similar to those which occurred with the herbicide acifluorfen. These results suggest that a mycelial formulation of M. verrucaria has potential as a bioherbicide for controlling hemp sesbania in rice.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/4/1/74bioherbicidebiocontrolhemp sesbaniaMyrothecium verrucariamycelial formulation |
| spellingShingle | Clyde D. Boyette Robert E. Hoagland Kenneth C. Stetina Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria Agronomy bioherbicide biocontrol hemp sesbania Myrothecium verrucaria mycelial formulation |
| title | Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria |
| title_full | Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria |
| title_fullStr | Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria |
| title_short | Biological Control of the Weed Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) in Rice (Oryza sativa) by the Fungus Myrothecium verrucaria |
| title_sort | biological control of the weed hemp sesbania sesbania exaltata in rice oryza sativa by the fungus myrothecium verrucaria |
| topic | bioherbicide biocontrol hemp sesbania Myrothecium verrucaria mycelial formulation |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/4/1/74 |
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