Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next?
B lymphocytes are important in secreting antibodies that protect against invading pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also in mediating pathogenesis of allergic diseases and autoimmunity. B lymphocytes develop in the bone marrow and contain heavy and light chains, which upon ligation...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.595535/full |
| _version_ | 1818161052145156096 |
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| author | Katelyn Jones Anca F. Savulescu Frank Brombacher Frank Brombacher Frank Brombacher Sabelo Hadebe |
| author_facet | Katelyn Jones Anca F. Savulescu Frank Brombacher Frank Brombacher Frank Brombacher Sabelo Hadebe |
| author_sort | Katelyn Jones |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | B lymphocytes are important in secreting antibodies that protect against invading pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also in mediating pathogenesis of allergic diseases and autoimmunity. B lymphocytes develop in the bone marrow and contain heavy and light chains, which upon ligation form an immunoglobulin M (IgM) B cell receptor (BCR) expressed on the surface of naïve immature B cells. Naïve B cells expressing either IgM or IgD isotypes are thought to play interchangeable functions in antibody responses to T cell-dependent and T cell-independent antigens. IgM short-lived plasma cells (SLPCs) and antigen-specific IgM memory B cells (MBCs-M) are critical in the first few days of infection, as well as long-term memory induced by vaccination, respectively. At mucosal surfaces, IgM is thought to play a critical part in promoting mucosal tolerance and shaping microbiota together with IgA. In this review, we explore how IgM structure and BCR signaling shapes B cell development, self and non-self-antigen-specific antibody responses, responses to infectious (such as viruses, parasites, and fungal) and non-communicable diseases (such as autoimmunity and allergic asthma). We also explore how metabolism could influence other B cell functions such as mucosal tolerance and class switching. Finally, we discuss some of the outstanding critical research questions in both experimental and clinical settings targeting IgM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:11:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e312d442b4a641cf880dd67e0b6c4255 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:11:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e312d442b4a641cf880dd67e0b6c42552022-12-22T00:59:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-10-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.595535595535Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next?Katelyn Jones0Anca F. Savulescu1Frank Brombacher2Frank Brombacher3Frank Brombacher4Sabelo Hadebe5Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Chemical, Systems & Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Immunology, Health Science Faculty, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaWellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaB lymphocytes are important in secreting antibodies that protect against invading pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also in mediating pathogenesis of allergic diseases and autoimmunity. B lymphocytes develop in the bone marrow and contain heavy and light chains, which upon ligation form an immunoglobulin M (IgM) B cell receptor (BCR) expressed on the surface of naïve immature B cells. Naïve B cells expressing either IgM or IgD isotypes are thought to play interchangeable functions in antibody responses to T cell-dependent and T cell-independent antigens. IgM short-lived plasma cells (SLPCs) and antigen-specific IgM memory B cells (MBCs-M) are critical in the first few days of infection, as well as long-term memory induced by vaccination, respectively. At mucosal surfaces, IgM is thought to play a critical part in promoting mucosal tolerance and shaping microbiota together with IgA. In this review, we explore how IgM structure and BCR signaling shapes B cell development, self and non-self-antigen-specific antibody responses, responses to infectious (such as viruses, parasites, and fungal) and non-communicable diseases (such as autoimmunity and allergic asthma). We also explore how metabolism could influence other B cell functions such as mucosal tolerance and class switching. Finally, we discuss some of the outstanding critical research questions in both experimental and clinical settings targeting IgM.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.595535/fullimmunoglobulin M (IgM)B cell developmentshort-lived plasma cell (SLPC)long-lived plasma cell (LLPC)memory B cell (MBC) |
| spellingShingle | Katelyn Jones Anca F. Savulescu Frank Brombacher Frank Brombacher Frank Brombacher Sabelo Hadebe Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next? Frontiers in Immunology immunoglobulin M (IgM) B cell development short-lived plasma cell (SLPC) long-lived plasma cell (LLPC) memory B cell (MBC) |
| title | Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next? |
| title_full | Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next? |
| title_fullStr | Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next? |
| title_short | Immunoglobulin M in Health and Diseases: How Far Have We Come and What Next? |
| title_sort | immunoglobulin m in health and diseases how far have we come and what next |
| topic | immunoglobulin M (IgM) B cell development short-lived plasma cell (SLPC) long-lived plasma cell (LLPC) memory B cell (MBC) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.595535/full |
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