Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice
Abstract Various species of ascomycete fungi synthesize the carboxylic carotenoid neurosporaxanthin. The unique chemical structure of this xanthophyll reveals that: (1) Its carboxylic end and shorter length increase the polarity of neurosporaxanthin in comparison to other carotenoids, and (2) it con...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Communications Biology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05446-1 |
| _version_ | 1797557176166776832 |
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| author | Anthony P. Miller Dámaso Hornero-Méndez Sepalika Bandara Obdulia Parra-Rivero M. Carmen Limón Johannes von Lintig Javier Avalos Jaume Amengual |
| author_facet | Anthony P. Miller Dámaso Hornero-Méndez Sepalika Bandara Obdulia Parra-Rivero M. Carmen Limón Johannes von Lintig Javier Avalos Jaume Amengual |
| author_sort | Anthony P. Miller |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Various species of ascomycete fungi synthesize the carboxylic carotenoid neurosporaxanthin. The unique chemical structure of this xanthophyll reveals that: (1) Its carboxylic end and shorter length increase the polarity of neurosporaxanthin in comparison to other carotenoids, and (2) it contains an unsubstituted β-ionone ring, conferring the potential to form vitamin A. Previously, neurosporaxanthin production was optimized in Fusarium fujikuroi, which allowed us to characterize its antioxidant properties in in vitro assays. In this study, we assessed the bioavailability of neurosporaxanthin compared to other provitamin A carotenoids in mice and examined whether it can be cleaved by the two carotenoid-cleaving enzymes: β-carotene-oxygenase 1 (BCO1) and 2 (BCO2). Using Bco1 −/− Bco2 −/− mice, we report that neurosporaxanthin displays greater bioavailability than β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin, as evidenced by higher accumulation and decreased fecal elimination. Enzymatic assays with purified BCO1 and BCO2, together with feeding studies in wild-type, Bco1 −/− , Bco2 −/− , and Bco1 −/− Bco2 −/− mice, revealed that neurosporaxanthin is a substrate for either carotenoid-cleaving enzyme. Wild-type mice fed neurosporaxanthin displayed comparable amounts of vitamin A to those fed β-carotene. Together, our study unveils neurosporaxanthin as a highly bioavailable fungal carotenoid with provitamin A activity, highlighting its potential as a novel food additive. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:13:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e316ef235a0c4bf592f67e52d34fdd18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2399-3642 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:13:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e316ef235a0c4bf592f67e52d34fdd182023-11-20T10:36:15ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Biology2399-36422023-10-016111110.1038/s42003-023-05446-1Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in miceAnthony P. Miller0Dámaso Hornero-Méndez1Sepalika Bandara2Obdulia Parra-Rivero3M. Carmen Limón4Johannes von Lintig5Javier Avalos6Jaume Amengual7Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignDepartment of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa, CSICDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of SevilleDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of SevilleDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of SevilleDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAbstract Various species of ascomycete fungi synthesize the carboxylic carotenoid neurosporaxanthin. The unique chemical structure of this xanthophyll reveals that: (1) Its carboxylic end and shorter length increase the polarity of neurosporaxanthin in comparison to other carotenoids, and (2) it contains an unsubstituted β-ionone ring, conferring the potential to form vitamin A. Previously, neurosporaxanthin production was optimized in Fusarium fujikuroi, which allowed us to characterize its antioxidant properties in in vitro assays. In this study, we assessed the bioavailability of neurosporaxanthin compared to other provitamin A carotenoids in mice and examined whether it can be cleaved by the two carotenoid-cleaving enzymes: β-carotene-oxygenase 1 (BCO1) and 2 (BCO2). Using Bco1 −/− Bco2 −/− mice, we report that neurosporaxanthin displays greater bioavailability than β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin, as evidenced by higher accumulation and decreased fecal elimination. Enzymatic assays with purified BCO1 and BCO2, together with feeding studies in wild-type, Bco1 −/− , Bco2 −/− , and Bco1 −/− Bco2 −/− mice, revealed that neurosporaxanthin is a substrate for either carotenoid-cleaving enzyme. Wild-type mice fed neurosporaxanthin displayed comparable amounts of vitamin A to those fed β-carotene. Together, our study unveils neurosporaxanthin as a highly bioavailable fungal carotenoid with provitamin A activity, highlighting its potential as a novel food additive.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05446-1 |
| spellingShingle | Anthony P. Miller Dámaso Hornero-Méndez Sepalika Bandara Obdulia Parra-Rivero M. Carmen Limón Johannes von Lintig Javier Avalos Jaume Amengual Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice Communications Biology |
| title | Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice |
| title_full | Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice |
| title_fullStr | Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice |
| title_short | Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice |
| title_sort | bioavailability and provitamin a activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05446-1 |
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