Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration
Carbon enriched bioceramic (C-Bio) scaffolds have recently shown exceptional results in terms of their biological and mechanical properties. The present study aims at assessing the ability of the C-Bio scaffolds to affect the commitment of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAD-MSCs) and...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/475 |
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| author | Parastoo Memarian Francesco Sartor Enrico Bernardo Hamada Elsayed Batur Ercan Lucia Gemma Delogu Barbara Zavan Maurizio Isola |
| author_facet | Parastoo Memarian Francesco Sartor Enrico Bernardo Hamada Elsayed Batur Ercan Lucia Gemma Delogu Barbara Zavan Maurizio Isola |
| author_sort | Parastoo Memarian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbon enriched bioceramic (C-Bio) scaffolds have recently shown exceptional results in terms of their biological and mechanical properties. The present study aims at assessing the ability of the C-Bio scaffolds to affect the commitment of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAD-MSCs) and investigating the influence of carbon on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of cAD-MSCs in vitro. The commitment of cAD-MSCs to an osteoblastic phenotype has been evaluated by expression of several osteogenic markers using real-time PCR. Biocompatibility analyses through 3-(4,5-dimethyl- thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, hemolysis assay, and Ames test demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of both materials. A significant increase in the extracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of runt-related transcription factor (RUNX), ALP, osterix (OSX), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) genes was observed in C-Bio scaffolds compared to those without carbon (Bio). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated excellent cell attachment on both material surfaces; however, the cellular layer on C-Bio fibers exhibited an apparent secretome activity. Based on our findings, graphene can improve cell adhesion, growth, and osteogenic differentiation of cAD-MSCs in vitro. This study proposed carbon as an additive for a novel three-dimensional (3D)-printable biocompatible scaffold which could become the key structural material for bone tissue reconstruction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:27:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e31b6cde8ce249a1be44f795182eddb8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:27:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e31b6cde8ce249a1be44f795182eddb82023-11-21T08:43:06ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-0122247510.3390/ijms22020475Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue RegenerationParastoo Memarian0Francesco Sartor1Enrico Bernardo2Hamada Elsayed3Batur Ercan4Lucia Gemma Delogu5Barbara Zavan6Maurizio Isola7Department of Animal Medicine, Productions and Health, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Productions and Health, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, TurkeyDipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Padova, 35100 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Productions and Health, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyCarbon enriched bioceramic (C-Bio) scaffolds have recently shown exceptional results in terms of their biological and mechanical properties. The present study aims at assessing the ability of the C-Bio scaffolds to affect the commitment of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAD-MSCs) and investigating the influence of carbon on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of cAD-MSCs in vitro. The commitment of cAD-MSCs to an osteoblastic phenotype has been evaluated by expression of several osteogenic markers using real-time PCR. Biocompatibility analyses through 3-(4,5-dimethyl- thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, hemolysis assay, and Ames test demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of both materials. A significant increase in the extracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of runt-related transcription factor (RUNX), ALP, osterix (OSX), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) genes was observed in C-Bio scaffolds compared to those without carbon (Bio). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated excellent cell attachment on both material surfaces; however, the cellular layer on C-Bio fibers exhibited an apparent secretome activity. Based on our findings, graphene can improve cell adhesion, growth, and osteogenic differentiation of cAD-MSCs in vitro. This study proposed carbon as an additive for a novel three-dimensional (3D)-printable biocompatible scaffold which could become the key structural material for bone tissue reconstruction.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/4753D printinggraphenebiomaterial |
| spellingShingle | Parastoo Memarian Francesco Sartor Enrico Bernardo Hamada Elsayed Batur Ercan Lucia Gemma Delogu Barbara Zavan Maurizio Isola Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration International Journal of Molecular Sciences 3D printing graphene biomaterial |
| title | Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration |
| title_full | Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration |
| title_short | Osteogenic Properties of 3D-Printed Silica-Carbon-Calcite Composite Scaffolds: Novel Approach for Personalized Bone Tissue Regeneration |
| title_sort | osteogenic properties of 3d printed silica carbon calcite composite scaffolds novel approach for personalized bone tissue regeneration |
| topic | 3D printing graphene biomaterial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/475 |
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