Shear Stress Alterations Activate BMP4/pSMAD5 Signaling and Induce Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition in Varicose Veins

Shear Stress Alterations Activate BMP4/pSMAD5 Signaling and Induce Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition in Varicose Veins

Chronic venous diseases, including varicose veins, are characterized by hemodynamic disturbances due to valve defects, venous insufficiency, and orthostatism. Veins are physiologically low shear stress systems, and how altered hemodynamics drives focal endothelial dysfunction and causes venous remod...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Karthika Chandran Latha, Ahalya Sreekumar, Vyshna Beena, Binil Raj S.S., RaviKumar B. Lakkappa, Ravi Kalyani, Radhakrishnan Nair, Saligrama Ramegowda Kalpana, Chandrasekharan C. Kartha, Sumi Surendran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-12-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
varicose veins
shear stress
endothelial cells
EndMT
TGFβ
BMP
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3563

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