| Summary: | The subtropical region of China possesses abundant broad-leaf tree species resources; however, the anatomical properties and microstructure of the wood are still unclear, which restricts the processing and utilization of wood. In this study, 14 broad-leaf trees and four coniferous trees were selected. Wood anatomical indices and wood microanatomy were used to evaluate the wood properties using a comprehensive index method. The results have shown that <i>Dalbergia assamica</i> exhibited the highest wood basic density among the 14 broad-leaved tree species, accompanied by a significant fiber proportion and vessel lumen diameter but a small vessel proportion and a high number of wood rays. Conversely, <i>Parakmeria lotungensis</i> and <i>Michelia chapensis</i> had relatively low wood basic densities, rendering them less suitable as valuable broad-leaved wood sources. <i>Altingia chinensis</i>, <i>Castanopsis kawakamii</i>, and the remaining 11 tree species exhibited medium-level wood basic densities. The 14 broad-leaved tree species had medium-length fibers. <i>Phoebe bournei</i>, <i>Dalbergia assamica</i>, and <i>Castanopsis kawakamii</i> demonstrated relatively high fiber proportion. <i>Altingia chinensis</i>, <i>Dalbergia assamica</i>, and <i>Castanopsis kawakamii</i> exhibited a large number of wood rays, making their wood more susceptible to cracking, whereas other broad-leaved tree species possessed fewer wood rays. The findings have provided a scientific basis for the exploration of precious broad-leaved tree resources and wood use.
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