Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning
Precision medicine is a medical approach to administer patients with a tailored dose of treatment by taking into consideration a person’s variability in genes, environment, and lifestyles. The accumulation of omics big sequence data led to the development of various genetic databases on which clinic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/5/722 |
| _version_ | 1797534483117768704 |
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| author | Mahaly Baptiste Sarah Shireen Moinuddeen Courtney Lace Soliz Hashimul Ehsan Gen Kaneko |
| author_facet | Mahaly Baptiste Sarah Shireen Moinuddeen Courtney Lace Soliz Hashimul Ehsan Gen Kaneko |
| author_sort | Mahaly Baptiste |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Precision medicine is a medical approach to administer patients with a tailored dose of treatment by taking into consideration a person’s variability in genes, environment, and lifestyles. The accumulation of omics big sequence data led to the development of various genetic databases on which clinical stratification of high-risk populations may be conducted. In addition, because cancers are generally caused by tumor-specific mutations, large-scale systematic identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various tumors has propelled significant progress of tailored treatments of tumors (i.e., precision oncology). Machine learning (ML), a subfield of artificial intelligence in which computers learn through experience, has a great potential to be used in precision oncology chiefly to help physicians make diagnostic decisions based on tumor images. A promising venue of ML in precision oncology is the integration of all available data from images to multi-omics big data for the holistic care of patients and high-risk healthy subjects. In this review, we provide a focused overview of precision oncology and ML with attention to breast cancer and glioma as well as the Bayesian networks that have the flexibility and the ability to work with incomplete information. We also introduce some state-of-the-art attempts to use and incorporate ML and genetic information in precision oncology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:31:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e33289fdff41401eaad52c673182cd0e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:31:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-e33289fdff41401eaad52c673182cd0e2023-11-21T19:17:37ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-05-0112572210.3390/genes12050722Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine LearningMahaly Baptiste0Sarah Shireen Moinuddeen1Courtney Lace Soliz2Hashimul Ehsan3Gen Kaneko4School of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USASchool of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USASchool of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USASchool of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USASchool of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USAPrecision medicine is a medical approach to administer patients with a tailored dose of treatment by taking into consideration a person’s variability in genes, environment, and lifestyles. The accumulation of omics big sequence data led to the development of various genetic databases on which clinical stratification of high-risk populations may be conducted. In addition, because cancers are generally caused by tumor-specific mutations, large-scale systematic identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various tumors has propelled significant progress of tailored treatments of tumors (i.e., precision oncology). Machine learning (ML), a subfield of artificial intelligence in which computers learn through experience, has a great potential to be used in precision oncology chiefly to help physicians make diagnostic decisions based on tumor images. A promising venue of ML in precision oncology is the integration of all available data from images to multi-omics big data for the holistic care of patients and high-risk healthy subjects. In this review, we provide a focused overview of precision oncology and ML with attention to breast cancer and glioma as well as the Bayesian networks that have the flexibility and the ability to work with incomplete information. We also introduce some state-of-the-art attempts to use and incorporate ML and genetic information in precision oncology.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/5/722breast cancergliomaprecision medicinesingle nucleotide polymorphisms |
| spellingShingle | Mahaly Baptiste Sarah Shireen Moinuddeen Courtney Lace Soliz Hashimul Ehsan Gen Kaneko Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning Genes breast cancer glioma precision medicine single nucleotide polymorphisms |
| title | Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning |
| title_full | Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning |
| title_fullStr | Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning |
| title_short | Making Sense of Genetic Information: The Promising Evolution of Clinical Stratification and Precision Oncology Using Machine Learning |
| title_sort | making sense of genetic information the promising evolution of clinical stratification and precision oncology using machine learning |
| topic | breast cancer glioma precision medicine single nucleotide polymorphisms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/5/722 |
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