Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis
An original source apportionment study was conducted on atmospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) collected in Metz, one of the largest cities of Eastern France. A Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis was applied to a sampling filter-based chemical dataset obtained for the April 20...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/7/370 |
| _version_ | 1817984782089322496 |
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| author | Jean-Eudes Petit Cyril Pallarès Olivier Favez Laurent Y. Alleman Nicolas Bonnaire Emmanuel Rivière |
| author_facet | Jean-Eudes Petit Cyril Pallarès Olivier Favez Laurent Y. Alleman Nicolas Bonnaire Emmanuel Rivière |
| author_sort | Jean-Eudes Petit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An original source apportionment study was conducted on atmospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) collected in Metz, one of the largest cities of Eastern France. A Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis was applied to a sampling filter-based chemical dataset obtained for the April 2015 to January 2017 period. Nine factors were clearly identified, showing mainly contributions from anthropogenic sources of primary PM (19.2% and 16.1% for traffic and biomass burning, respectively) as well as secondary aerosols (12.3%, 14.5%, 21.8% for sulfate-, nitrate-, and oxalate-rich factors, respectively). Wood-burning aerosols exhibited strong temporal variations and contributed up to 30% of the PM mass fraction during winter, while primary traffic concentrations remained relatively constant throughout the year. These two sources are also the main contributors during observed PM<sub>10</sub> pollution episodes. Furthermore, the dominance of the oxalate-rich factor among other secondary aerosol factors underlines the role of atmospheric processing to secondary organic aerosol loadings which are still poorly characterized in this region. Finally, Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis were performed to investigate the geographical origins of the apportioned sources, notably illustrating a significant transport of both nitrate-rich and sulfate-rich factors from Northeastern Europe but also from the Balkan region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:49:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e33952c25f244971a6d213e2d1d56365 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:49:24Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-e33952c25f244971a6d213e2d1d563652022-12-22T02:24:11ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332019-07-0110737010.3390/atmos10070370atmos10070370Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization AnalysisJean-Eudes Petit0Cyril Pallarès1Olivier Favez2Laurent Y. Alleman3Nicolas Bonnaire4Emmanuel Rivière5Atmo Grand-Est, 5 rue de Madrid, 67300 Schiltigheim, FranceAtmo Grand-Est, 5 rue de Madrid, 67300 Schiltigheim, FranceInstitut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, FranceDépartement Sciences de l’Atmosphère et Génie de l’Environnement-SAGE, IMT Lille Douai, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, FranceLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l’Environnement, CEA/Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceAtmo Grand-Est, 5 rue de Madrid, 67300 Schiltigheim, FranceAn original source apportionment study was conducted on atmospheric particles (PM<sub>10</sub>) collected in Metz, one of the largest cities of Eastern France. A Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis was applied to a sampling filter-based chemical dataset obtained for the April 2015 to January 2017 period. Nine factors were clearly identified, showing mainly contributions from anthropogenic sources of primary PM (19.2% and 16.1% for traffic and biomass burning, respectively) as well as secondary aerosols (12.3%, 14.5%, 21.8% for sulfate-, nitrate-, and oxalate-rich factors, respectively). Wood-burning aerosols exhibited strong temporal variations and contributed up to 30% of the PM mass fraction during winter, while primary traffic concentrations remained relatively constant throughout the year. These two sources are also the main contributors during observed PM<sub>10</sub> pollution episodes. Furthermore, the dominance of the oxalate-rich factor among other secondary aerosol factors underlines the role of atmospheric processing to secondary organic aerosol loadings which are still poorly characterized in this region. Finally, Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis were performed to investigate the geographical origins of the apportioned sources, notably illustrating a significant transport of both nitrate-rich and sulfate-rich factors from Northeastern Europe but also from the Balkan region.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/7/370receptor modellingpositive matrix factorizationtrajectory analysisoxalatesecondary organic aerosols |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Eudes Petit Cyril Pallarès Olivier Favez Laurent Y. Alleman Nicolas Bonnaire Emmanuel Rivière Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis Atmosphere receptor modelling positive matrix factorization trajectory analysis oxalate secondary organic aerosols |
| title | Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis |
| title_full | Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis |
| title_short | Sources and Geographical Origins of PM<sub>10</sub> in Metz (France) Using Oxalate as a Marker of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Positive Matrix Factorization Analysis |
| title_sort | sources and geographical origins of pm sub 10 sub in metz france using oxalate as a marker of secondary organic aerosols by positive matrix factorization analysis |
| topic | receptor modelling positive matrix factorization trajectory analysis oxalate secondary organic aerosols |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/7/370 |
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