Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.

<h4>Background</h4>The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Si...

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Main Authors: Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman, Katherin S Huang, Wei Jun Koh, Sarah S Leong, Benjamin Ong, Johanna L Soon, Sherman W Tan, Melissa Y Chan, Mingxing Yang, Meredith T Yeung
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2023-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291132&type=printable
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author Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman
Katherin S Huang
Wei Jun Koh
Sarah S Leong
Benjamin Ong
Johanna L Soon
Sherman W Tan
Melissa Y Chan
Mingxing Yang
Meredith T Yeung
author_facet Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman
Katherin S Huang
Wei Jun Koh
Sarah S Leong
Benjamin Ong
Johanna L Soon
Sherman W Tan
Melissa Y Chan
Mingxing Yang
Meredith T Yeung
author_sort Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Singaporean population.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aims to establish the NRV and reference equations for ISWD in healthy Singaporeans aged 21 to 80 and investigate the determining variables during ISWT.<h4>Methods</h4>This cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling healthy subjects aged 21-80 from the community via convenience sampling. Each subject completed two trials of the ISWT according to the standard protocol. Variables measured during the trials included ISWD, pre-and post-test heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, blood pressure (BP), modified Borg's dyspnoea score and Borg's rate of perceived exertion (RPE).<h4>Results</h4>199 healthy Singaporean (females = 114, males = 85) participated in the study. The overall median ISWD was 660.0 metres (m) [interquartile range (IQR):440.0-850.0]. The age-stratified mean ISWD ranged from 430.0 m (IQR:350.0-450.0) (aged 60-80) to 480.0 m (IQR:438.0-650.0) (aged 40-59) to 780.0 m (IQR:670.0-960.0) (aged 21-39). Gender, age, weight, height and HR change (highest post-test HR minus pre-test HR) were the most significant variables (p < 0.001). IWSD (m) = 651.4(Height, m) +89.7(Gender, male = 1; female = 0) -6.31(Age, years) -3.61(Weight, kilograms) +2.54(HR change, beats per minute); R2 = 0.741. Previously published ISWT reference equations cannot accurately predict the ISWD in the Singaporean population.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study investigated the ISWD NRV and established reference equations for healthy Singaporeans aged 21-80. The information would be beneficial in setting performance benchmarks to guide physical assessment, intervention and rehabilitation.
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spelling doaj.art-e33b8ab84fce4da1b0c6f113f05eaff52023-09-17T05:31:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01189e029113210.1371/journal.pone.0291132Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin AzmanKatherin S HuangWei Jun KohSarah S LeongBenjamin OngJohanna L SoonSherman W TanMelissa Y ChanMingxing YangMeredith T Yeung<h4>Background</h4>The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Singaporean population.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aims to establish the NRV and reference equations for ISWD in healthy Singaporeans aged 21 to 80 and investigate the determining variables during ISWT.<h4>Methods</h4>This cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling healthy subjects aged 21-80 from the community via convenience sampling. Each subject completed two trials of the ISWT according to the standard protocol. Variables measured during the trials included ISWD, pre-and post-test heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, blood pressure (BP), modified Borg's dyspnoea score and Borg's rate of perceived exertion (RPE).<h4>Results</h4>199 healthy Singaporean (females = 114, males = 85) participated in the study. The overall median ISWD was 660.0 metres (m) [interquartile range (IQR):440.0-850.0]. The age-stratified mean ISWD ranged from 430.0 m (IQR:350.0-450.0) (aged 60-80) to 480.0 m (IQR:438.0-650.0) (aged 40-59) to 780.0 m (IQR:670.0-960.0) (aged 21-39). Gender, age, weight, height and HR change (highest post-test HR minus pre-test HR) were the most significant variables (p < 0.001). IWSD (m) = 651.4(Height, m) +89.7(Gender, male = 1; female = 0) -6.31(Age, years) -3.61(Weight, kilograms) +2.54(HR change, beats per minute); R2 = 0.741. Previously published ISWT reference equations cannot accurately predict the ISWD in the Singaporean population.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study investigated the ISWD NRV and established reference equations for healthy Singaporeans aged 21-80. The information would be beneficial in setting performance benchmarks to guide physical assessment, intervention and rehabilitation.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291132&type=printable
spellingShingle Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman
Katherin S Huang
Wei Jun Koh
Sarah S Leong
Benjamin Ong
Johanna L Soon
Sherman W Tan
Melissa Y Chan
Mingxing Yang
Meredith T Yeung
Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
PLoS ONE
title Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
title_full Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
title_fullStr Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
title_full_unstemmed Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
title_short Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
title_sort normative reference values determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test iswt in healthy asian population aged 21 to 80 years
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291132&type=printable
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