Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.
<h4>Background</h4>The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Si...
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Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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Series: | PLoS ONE |
Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291132&type=printable |
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author | Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman Katherin S Huang Wei Jun Koh Sarah S Leong Benjamin Ong Johanna L Soon Sherman W Tan Melissa Y Chan Mingxing Yang Meredith T Yeung |
author_facet | Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman Katherin S Huang Wei Jun Koh Sarah S Leong Benjamin Ong Johanna L Soon Sherman W Tan Melissa Y Chan Mingxing Yang Meredith T Yeung |
author_sort | Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman |
collection | DOAJ |
description | <h4>Background</h4>The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Singaporean population.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aims to establish the NRV and reference equations for ISWD in healthy Singaporeans aged 21 to 80 and investigate the determining variables during ISWT.<h4>Methods</h4>This cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling healthy subjects aged 21-80 from the community via convenience sampling. Each subject completed two trials of the ISWT according to the standard protocol. Variables measured during the trials included ISWD, pre-and post-test heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, blood pressure (BP), modified Borg's dyspnoea score and Borg's rate of perceived exertion (RPE).<h4>Results</h4>199 healthy Singaporean (females = 114, males = 85) participated in the study. The overall median ISWD was 660.0 metres (m) [interquartile range (IQR):440.0-850.0]. The age-stratified mean ISWD ranged from 430.0 m (IQR:350.0-450.0) (aged 60-80) to 480.0 m (IQR:438.0-650.0) (aged 40-59) to 780.0 m (IQR:670.0-960.0) (aged 21-39). Gender, age, weight, height and HR change (highest post-test HR minus pre-test HR) were the most significant variables (p < 0.001). IWSD (m) = 651.4(Height, m) +89.7(Gender, male = 1; female = 0) -6.31(Age, years) -3.61(Weight, kilograms) +2.54(HR change, beats per minute); R2 = 0.741. Previously published ISWT reference equations cannot accurately predict the ISWD in the Singaporean population.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study investigated the ISWD NRV and established reference equations for healthy Singaporeans aged 21-80. The information would be beneficial in setting performance benchmarks to guide physical assessment, intervention and rehabilitation. |
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spelling | doaj.art-e33b8ab84fce4da1b0c6f113f05eaff52023-09-17T05:31:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01189e029113210.1371/journal.pone.0291132Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years.Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin AzmanKatherin S HuangWei Jun KohSarah S LeongBenjamin OngJohanna L SoonSherman W TanMelissa Y ChanMingxing YangMeredith T Yeung<h4>Background</h4>The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Singaporean population.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aims to establish the NRV and reference equations for ISWD in healthy Singaporeans aged 21 to 80 and investigate the determining variables during ISWT.<h4>Methods</h4>This cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling healthy subjects aged 21-80 from the community via convenience sampling. Each subject completed two trials of the ISWT according to the standard protocol. Variables measured during the trials included ISWD, pre-and post-test heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, blood pressure (BP), modified Borg's dyspnoea score and Borg's rate of perceived exertion (RPE).<h4>Results</h4>199 healthy Singaporean (females = 114, males = 85) participated in the study. The overall median ISWD was 660.0 metres (m) [interquartile range (IQR):440.0-850.0]. The age-stratified mean ISWD ranged from 430.0 m (IQR:350.0-450.0) (aged 60-80) to 480.0 m (IQR:438.0-650.0) (aged 40-59) to 780.0 m (IQR:670.0-960.0) (aged 21-39). Gender, age, weight, height and HR change (highest post-test HR minus pre-test HR) were the most significant variables (p < 0.001). IWSD (m) = 651.4(Height, m) +89.7(Gender, male = 1; female = 0) -6.31(Age, years) -3.61(Weight, kilograms) +2.54(HR change, beats per minute); R2 = 0.741. Previously published ISWT reference equations cannot accurately predict the ISWD in the Singaporean population.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study investigated the ISWD NRV and established reference equations for healthy Singaporeans aged 21-80. The information would be beneficial in setting performance benchmarks to guide physical assessment, intervention and rehabilitation.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291132&type=printable |
spellingShingle | Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin Azman Katherin S Huang Wei Jun Koh Sarah S Leong Benjamin Ong Johanna L Soon Sherman W Tan Melissa Y Chan Mingxing Yang Meredith T Yeung Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years. PLoS ONE |
title | Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years. |
title_full | Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years. |
title_fullStr | Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years. |
title_full_unstemmed | Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years. |
title_short | Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years. |
title_sort | normative reference values determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test iswt in healthy asian population aged 21 to 80 years |
url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0291132&type=printable |
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