The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study
Background: Improving the care of people with dementia on acute hospital wards is a policy priority. Person-centred care is a marker of care quality; delivering such care is a goal of service improvement. Objectives: The Person, Interactions and Environment (PIE) Programme comprises an observation t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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National Institute for Health Research
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Health Services and Delivery Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr06230 |
| _version_ | 1817991018290610176 |
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| author | Mary Godfrey John Young Rosemary Shannon Ann Skingley Rosemary Woolley Frank Arrojo Dawn Brooker Kim Manley Claire Surr |
| author_facet | Mary Godfrey John Young Rosemary Shannon Ann Skingley Rosemary Woolley Frank Arrojo Dawn Brooker Kim Manley Claire Surr |
| author_sort | Mary Godfrey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Improving the care of people with dementia on acute hospital wards is a policy priority. Person-centred care is a marker of care quality; delivering such care is a goal of service improvement. Objectives: The Person, Interactions and Environment (PIE) Programme comprises an observation tool and a systematic approach to implement and embed a person-centred approach in routine care for hospitalised patients with dementia. The study aims were to evaluate PIE as a method to improve the care of older people with dementia on acute hospital wards, and develop insight into what person-centred care might look like in practice in this setting. Methods: We performed a longitudinal comparative case study design in 10 purposively selected wards in five trusts in three English regions, alongside an embedded process evaluation. Data were collected from multiple sources: staff, patients, relatives, organisational aggregate information and documents. Mixed methods were employed: ethnographic observation; interviews and questionnaires; patient case studies (patient observation and conversations ‘in the moment’, interviews with relatives and case records); and patient and ward aggregate data. Data were synthesised to create individual case studies of PIE implementation and outcomes in context of ward structure, organisation, patient profile and process of care delivery. A cross-case comparison facilitated a descriptive and explanatory account of PIE implementation in context, the pattern of variation, what shaped it and the consequences flowing from it. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. A qualitative data analysis employed grounded theory methods. Results: The study furthered the understanding of the dimensions of care quality for older people with dementia on acute hospital wards and the environmental, organisational and cultural factors that shaped delivery. Only two wards fully implemented PIE, sustaining and embedding change over 18 months. The remaining wards either did not install PIE (‘non-implementers’) or were ‘partial implementers’. The interaction between micro-level contextual factors [aspects of leadership (drivers, facilitators, team, networks), fit with strategic initiatives and salience with valued goals] and meso- and macro-level organisational factors were the main barriers to PIE adoption. Evidence suggests that the programme, where implemented, directly affected improvements in ward practice, with a positive impact on the experiences of patients and caregivers, although the heterogeneity of need and severity of impairment meant that some of the more visible changes did not affect everyone equally. Limitations: Although PIE has the potential to improve the care of people with dementia when implemented, findings are indicative only: data on clinical outcomes were not systematically collected, and PIE was not adopted on most study wards. Research implications: Further research is required to identify more precisely the skill mix and resources necessary to provide person-focused care to hospitalised people with dementia, across the spectrum of need, including those with moderate and severe impairment. Implementing innovations to change practices in complex organisations requires a more in-depth understanding of the contextual factors that have an impact on the capacity of organisations to absorb and embed new practices. Funding: The National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:06:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e36a5c1e6c594391b5132fa141038150 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-4349 2050-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:06:43Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | National Institute for Health Research |
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| series | Health Services and Delivery Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-e36a5c1e6c594391b5132fa1410381502022-12-22T02:21:12ZengNational Institute for Health ResearchHealth Services and Delivery Research2050-43492050-43572018-06-0162310.3310/hsdr0623011/1017/18The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite studyMary Godfrey0John Young1Rosemary Shannon2Ann Skingley3Rosemary Woolley4Frank Arrojo5Dawn Brooker6Kim Manley7Claire Surr8Academic Unit of Elderly Care and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKAcademic Unit of Elderly Care and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKBradford Institute for Health Research (BIHR), Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UKSidney de Haan Research Centre for Arts and Health, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UKBradford Institute for Health Research (BIHR), Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UKPatient and public involvement representative, Alzheimer’s Society Research NetworkAssociation for Dementia Studies, Institute of Health and Society, University of Worcester, Worcester, UKEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, UKSchool of Health and Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UKBackground: Improving the care of people with dementia on acute hospital wards is a policy priority. Person-centred care is a marker of care quality; delivering such care is a goal of service improvement. Objectives: The Person, Interactions and Environment (PIE) Programme comprises an observation tool and a systematic approach to implement and embed a person-centred approach in routine care for hospitalised patients with dementia. The study aims were to evaluate PIE as a method to improve the care of older people with dementia on acute hospital wards, and develop insight into what person-centred care might look like in practice in this setting. Methods: We performed a longitudinal comparative case study design in 10 purposively selected wards in five trusts in three English regions, alongside an embedded process evaluation. Data were collected from multiple sources: staff, patients, relatives, organisational aggregate information and documents. Mixed methods were employed: ethnographic observation; interviews and questionnaires; patient case studies (patient observation and conversations ‘in the moment’, interviews with relatives and case records); and patient and ward aggregate data. Data were synthesised to create individual case studies of PIE implementation and outcomes in context of ward structure, organisation, patient profile and process of care delivery. A cross-case comparison facilitated a descriptive and explanatory account of PIE implementation in context, the pattern of variation, what shaped it and the consequences flowing from it. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. A qualitative data analysis employed grounded theory methods. Results: The study furthered the understanding of the dimensions of care quality for older people with dementia on acute hospital wards and the environmental, organisational and cultural factors that shaped delivery. Only two wards fully implemented PIE, sustaining and embedding change over 18 months. The remaining wards either did not install PIE (‘non-implementers’) or were ‘partial implementers’. The interaction between micro-level contextual factors [aspects of leadership (drivers, facilitators, team, networks), fit with strategic initiatives and salience with valued goals] and meso- and macro-level organisational factors were the main barriers to PIE adoption. Evidence suggests that the programme, where implemented, directly affected improvements in ward practice, with a positive impact on the experiences of patients and caregivers, although the heterogeneity of need and severity of impairment meant that some of the more visible changes did not affect everyone equally. Limitations: Although PIE has the potential to improve the care of people with dementia when implemented, findings are indicative only: data on clinical outcomes were not systematically collected, and PIE was not adopted on most study wards. Research implications: Further research is required to identify more precisely the skill mix and resources necessary to provide person-focused care to hospitalised people with dementia, across the spectrum of need, including those with moderate and severe impairment. Implementing innovations to change practices in complex organisations requires a more in-depth understanding of the contextual factors that have an impact on the capacity of organisations to absorb and embed new practices. Funding: The National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr06230person-centred careimprovement programmedementiaacute carecomparative case study |
| spellingShingle | Mary Godfrey John Young Rosemary Shannon Ann Skingley Rosemary Woolley Frank Arrojo Dawn Brooker Kim Manley Claire Surr The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study Health Services and Delivery Research person-centred care improvement programme dementia acute care comparative case study |
| title | The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study |
| title_full | The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study |
| title_fullStr | The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study |
| title_short | The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study |
| title_sort | person interactions and environment programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital a multisite study |
| topic | person-centred care improvement programme dementia acute care comparative case study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr06230 |
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