Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production
<i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> is an important bovine pathogen. Artificial insemination (AI) using contaminated semen can introduce the agent into a naïve herd. Antibiotics, most often gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin, spectinomycin (GTLS) combination are added to semen extender to prevent trans...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/10/808 |
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| author | Tarja Pohjanvirta Nella Vähänikkilä Henri Simonen Sinikka Pelkonen Tiina Autio |
| author_facet | Tarja Pohjanvirta Nella Vähänikkilä Henri Simonen Sinikka Pelkonen Tiina Autio |
| author_sort | Tarja Pohjanvirta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> is an important bovine pathogen. Artificial insemination (AI) using contaminated semen can introduce the agent into a naïve herd. Antibiotics, most often gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin, spectinomycin (GTLS) combination are added to semen extender to prevent transmission of pathogenic bacteria and mycoplasmas. In a commercial AI straw production system with industrial scale procedures, we analyzed the mycoplasmacidal efficacy of GTLS and ofloxacin on <i>M. bovis</i> ATCC and wild type strain isolated from commercial AI straws. The strains were spiked at two concentrations (10<sup>6</sup> and 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL) into semen. Viable <i>M. bovis</i> in frozen semen straws was detected by enrichment culture and real-time PCR. We also compared different protocols to extract <i>M. bovis</i> DNA from spiked semen. None of the antibiotic protocols had any effect on the viability of either of the <i>M. bovis</i> strains at high spiking concentration. At low concentration, the wild type was inhibited by all other protocols, except low GTLS, whereas the ATCC strain was inhibited only by high GTLS. The InstaGene™ matrix was the most effective method to extract <i>M. bovis</i> DNA from semen. When there is a low <i>M. bovis</i> contamination level in semen, GTLS used at high concentrations, in accordance with Certified Semen Services requirements, is more efficient than GTLS used at concentrations stated in the OIE Terrestrial Code. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:55:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e384e264a9d44dce8aee5f02d714ca99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:55:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e384e264a9d44dce8aee5f02d714ca992023-11-20T15:43:05ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-09-0191080810.3390/pathogens9100808Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen ProductionTarja Pohjanvirta0Nella Vähänikkilä1Henri Simonen2Sinikka Pelkonen3Tiina Autio4Finnish Food Authority, Laboratory and Research Division, Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Unit, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, FinlandFinnish Food Authority, Laboratory and Research Division, Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Unit, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, FinlandVikingGenetics, Korpikyläntie 77, 15870 Hollola, FinlandFinnish Food Authority, Laboratory and Research Division, Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Unit, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, FinlandFinnish Food Authority, Laboratory and Research Division, Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Unit, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, Finland<i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> is an important bovine pathogen. Artificial insemination (AI) using contaminated semen can introduce the agent into a naïve herd. Antibiotics, most often gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin, spectinomycin (GTLS) combination are added to semen extender to prevent transmission of pathogenic bacteria and mycoplasmas. In a commercial AI straw production system with industrial scale procedures, we analyzed the mycoplasmacidal efficacy of GTLS and ofloxacin on <i>M. bovis</i> ATCC and wild type strain isolated from commercial AI straws. The strains were spiked at two concentrations (10<sup>6</sup> and 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL) into semen. Viable <i>M. bovis</i> in frozen semen straws was detected by enrichment culture and real-time PCR. We also compared different protocols to extract <i>M. bovis</i> DNA from spiked semen. None of the antibiotic protocols had any effect on the viability of either of the <i>M. bovis</i> strains at high spiking concentration. At low concentration, the wild type was inhibited by all other protocols, except low GTLS, whereas the ATCC strain was inhibited only by high GTLS. The InstaGene™ matrix was the most effective method to extract <i>M. bovis</i> DNA from semen. When there is a low <i>M. bovis</i> contamination level in semen, GTLS used at high concentrations, in accordance with Certified Semen Services requirements, is more efficient than GTLS used at concentrations stated in the OIE Terrestrial Code.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/10/808<i>Mycoplasma bovis</i>bovine semenantibioticspreventionDNA extraction |
| spellingShingle | Tarja Pohjanvirta Nella Vähänikkilä Henri Simonen Sinikka Pelkonen Tiina Autio Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production Pathogens <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> bovine semen antibiotics prevention DNA extraction |
| title | Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production |
| title_full | Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production |
| title_short | Efficacy of Two Antibiotic-Extender Combinations on <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> in Bovine Semen Production |
| title_sort | efficacy of two antibiotic extender combinations on i mycoplasma bovis i in bovine semen production |
| topic | <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> bovine semen antibiotics prevention DNA extraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/10/808 |
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