On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is an area of interdisciplinary research exploring the complex interactions within the immuno-neuro-endocrine system in response to psychosocial influences. Such influences can trigger neurological changes, leading to immunological effects related to the emergence and cou...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Dental Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653922001769 |
| _version_ | 1811233126060392448 |
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| author | Lennart Seizer Christian Schubert |
| author_facet | Lennart Seizer Christian Schubert |
| author_sort | Lennart Seizer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is an area of interdisciplinary research exploring the complex interactions within the immuno-neuro-endocrine system in response to psychosocial influences. Such influences can trigger neurological changes, leading to immunological effects related to the emergence and course of various diseases. This concise clinical review explores the role of PNI in oral medicine in three exemplary models of oral disease: periodontitis, herpes labialis, and oral lichen planus. Previous literature has shown that psychosocial stress is related to exacerbations in these three oral diseases and to poorer overall oral health. The presumed biological mechanisms affect the activity of stress axes, i.e. the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and subsequent immune system dysregulation. Although these PNI mechanisms remain poorly understood, several stress reduction interventions in clinical oral medicine have already yielded promising results. In future work, the elucidation of pathways within PNI networks will require carefully designed studies with sensitive methodology, e.g. the integrative single-case design. A biopsychosocial approach has the potential to move disease models in oral medicine from simple connections rooted in empirical dualism and reductionism to the establishment of network-based models. Further research on these complex connections should lead to novel clinical approaches and preventive strategies in oral medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:16:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e38aeddad05142f6823ad017e767006c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0020-6539 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:16:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Dental Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-e38aeddad05142f6823ad017e767006c2022-12-22T03:35:30ZengElsevierInternational Dental Journal0020-65392022-12-01726765772On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral MedicineLennart Seizer0Christian Schubert1Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 23a, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is an area of interdisciplinary research exploring the complex interactions within the immuno-neuro-endocrine system in response to psychosocial influences. Such influences can trigger neurological changes, leading to immunological effects related to the emergence and course of various diseases. This concise clinical review explores the role of PNI in oral medicine in three exemplary models of oral disease: periodontitis, herpes labialis, and oral lichen planus. Previous literature has shown that psychosocial stress is related to exacerbations in these three oral diseases and to poorer overall oral health. The presumed biological mechanisms affect the activity of stress axes, i.e. the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and subsequent immune system dysregulation. Although these PNI mechanisms remain poorly understood, several stress reduction interventions in clinical oral medicine have already yielded promising results. In future work, the elucidation of pathways within PNI networks will require carefully designed studies with sensitive methodology, e.g. the integrative single-case design. A biopsychosocial approach has the potential to move disease models in oral medicine from simple connections rooted in empirical dualism and reductionism to the establishment of network-based models. Further research on these complex connections should lead to novel clinical approaches and preventive strategies in oral medicine.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653922001769PsychoneuroimmunologyPsychoneuroendocrinologyPeriodontitisOral lichen planusHerpes labialisIntegrative single-case study |
| spellingShingle | Lennart Seizer Christian Schubert On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine International Dental Journal Psychoneuroimmunology Psychoneuroendocrinology Periodontitis Oral lichen planus Herpes labialis Integrative single-case study |
| title | On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine |
| title_full | On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine |
| title_fullStr | On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine |
| title_short | On the Role of Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Medicine |
| title_sort | on the role of psychoneuroimmunology in oral medicine |
| topic | Psychoneuroimmunology Psychoneuroendocrinology Periodontitis Oral lichen planus Herpes labialis Integrative single-case study |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653922001769 |
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