The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime
The modern Arctic climate during wintertime is characterized by sea-ice cover, a strong surface temperature inversion, and the absence of convection. Correspondingly, the energy balance in the Arctic atmosphere today is dominated by atmospheric radiative cooling and advective heating, so-called radi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Research: Climate |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/aced63 |
| _version_ | 1827360593554702336 |
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| author | O Miyawaki T A Shaw M F Jansen |
| author_facet | O Miyawaki T A Shaw M F Jansen |
| author_sort | O Miyawaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The modern Arctic climate during wintertime is characterized by sea-ice cover, a strong surface temperature inversion, and the absence of convection. Correspondingly, the energy balance in the Arctic atmosphere today is dominated by atmospheric radiative cooling and advective heating, so-called radiative advective equilibrium. Climate change in the Arctic involves sea-ice melt, vanishing of the surface inversion, and emergence of convective precipitation. Here we show climate change in the Arctic involves the emergence of a new energy balance regime characterized by radiative cooling, convective heating, and advective heating, so-called radiative convective advective equilibrium. A time-dependent decomposition of the atmospheric energy balance shows the regime transition is associated with enhanced radiative cooling followed by decreased advective heating. The radiative cooling response consists of a robust clear-sky greenhouse effect and a transient cloud contribution that varies across models. Mechanism-denial experiments in an aquaplanet with and without interactive sea ice highlight the important role of sea-ice melt in both the radiative cooling and advective heating responses. The results show that climate change in the Arctic involves temporally evolving mechanisms, suggesting that an emergent constraint based on historical data or trends may not constrain the long-term response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:50:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e39123987e854294b7fe1742d9f56f49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2752-5295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:50:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Research: Climate |
| spelling | doaj.art-e39123987e854294b7fe1742d9f56f492024-02-03T07:16:41ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research: Climate2752-52952023-01-012303100310.1088/2752-5295/aced63The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regimeO Miyawaki0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-4220T A Shaw1M F Jansen2Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research , Boulder, United States of AmericaDepartment of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago , Chicago, United States of AmericaDepartment of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago , Chicago, United States of AmericaThe modern Arctic climate during wintertime is characterized by sea-ice cover, a strong surface temperature inversion, and the absence of convection. Correspondingly, the energy balance in the Arctic atmosphere today is dominated by atmospheric radiative cooling and advective heating, so-called radiative advective equilibrium. Climate change in the Arctic involves sea-ice melt, vanishing of the surface inversion, and emergence of convective precipitation. Here we show climate change in the Arctic involves the emergence of a new energy balance regime characterized by radiative cooling, convective heating, and advective heating, so-called radiative convective advective equilibrium. A time-dependent decomposition of the atmospheric energy balance shows the regime transition is associated with enhanced radiative cooling followed by decreased advective heating. The radiative cooling response consists of a robust clear-sky greenhouse effect and a transient cloud contribution that varies across models. Mechanism-denial experiments in an aquaplanet with and without interactive sea ice highlight the important role of sea-ice melt in both the radiative cooling and advective heating responses. The results show that climate change in the Arctic involves temporally evolving mechanisms, suggesting that an emergent constraint based on historical data or trends may not constrain the long-term response.https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/aced63Arctic climate changeenergy balance regimessea-ice lossArctic amplificationRAEpoleward energy transport |
| spellingShingle | O Miyawaki T A Shaw M F Jansen The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime Environmental Research: Climate Arctic climate change energy balance regimes sea-ice loss Arctic amplification RAE poleward energy transport |
| title | The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime |
| title_full | The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime |
| title_fullStr | The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime |
| title_full_unstemmed | The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime |
| title_short | The emergence of a new wintertime Arctic energy balance regime |
| title_sort | emergence of a new wintertime arctic energy balance regime |
| topic | Arctic climate change energy balance regimes sea-ice loss Arctic amplification RAE poleward energy transport |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/aced63 |
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