Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study
We aimed to investigate vaccine effectiveness against progression to severe COVID-19 (acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death) and in-hospital death in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Mixed effects logistic regression analyses were per...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Vaccines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/14 |
| _version_ | 1797436644522983424 |
|---|---|
| author | Queeny Robalo Laurane De Mot Mathil Vandromme Nina Van Goethem Andrea Gabrio Pui Yan Jenny Chung Marjan Meurisse Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19 Hospital Surveillance Lucy Catteau Carel Thijs Koen Blot |
| author_facet | Queeny Robalo Laurane De Mot Mathil Vandromme Nina Van Goethem Andrea Gabrio Pui Yan Jenny Chung Marjan Meurisse Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19 Hospital Surveillance Lucy Catteau Carel Thijs Koen Blot |
| author_sort | Queeny Robalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We aimed to investigate vaccine effectiveness against progression to severe COVID-19 (acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death) and in-hospital death in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Mixed effects logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between receiving a primary COVID-19 vaccination schedule and severe outcomes after adjusting for patient, hospital, and vaccination characteristics. Additionally, the effects of the vaccine brands including mRNA vaccines mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2, and adenovirus-vector vaccines ChAdOx1 (AZ) and Ad26.COV2.S (J&J) were compared to each other. This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included 2493 COVID-19 patients hospitalized across 73 acute care hospitals in Belgium during the time period 15 August 2021–14 November 2021 when the Delta variant (B1.617.2) was predominant. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients that received a primary vaccination schedule had lower odds of progressing to severe disease (OR (95% CI); 0.48 (0.38; 0.60)) and in-hospital death (OR (95% CI); 0.49 (0.36; 0.65)) than unvaccinated patients. Among the vaccinated patients older than 75 years, mRNA vaccines and AZ seemed to confer similar protection, while one dose of J&J showed lower protection in this age category. In conclusion, a primary vaccination schedule protects against worsening of COVID-19 to severe outcomes among hospitalized patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e3a2f28ab3eb4f799e39dbca992661ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-e3a2f28ab3eb4f799e39dbca992661ce2023-12-01T00:59:52ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-12-011111410.3390/vaccines11010014Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort StudyQueeny Robalo0Laurane De Mot1Mathil Vandromme2Nina Van Goethem3Andrea Gabrio4Pui Yan Jenny Chung5Marjan Meurisse6Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19 Hospital Surveillance7Lucy Catteau8Carel Thijs9Koen Blot10Scientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Methodology and Statistics, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The NetherlandsScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumMaastricht University Medical Centre+, Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The NetherlandsScientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumWe aimed to investigate vaccine effectiveness against progression to severe COVID-19 (acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death) and in-hospital death in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Mixed effects logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between receiving a primary COVID-19 vaccination schedule and severe outcomes after adjusting for patient, hospital, and vaccination characteristics. Additionally, the effects of the vaccine brands including mRNA vaccines mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2, and adenovirus-vector vaccines ChAdOx1 (AZ) and Ad26.COV2.S (J&J) were compared to each other. This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included 2493 COVID-19 patients hospitalized across 73 acute care hospitals in Belgium during the time period 15 August 2021–14 November 2021 when the Delta variant (B1.617.2) was predominant. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients that received a primary vaccination schedule had lower odds of progressing to severe disease (OR (95% CI); 0.48 (0.38; 0.60)) and in-hospital death (OR (95% CI); 0.49 (0.36; 0.65)) than unvaccinated patients. Among the vaccinated patients older than 75 years, mRNA vaccines and AZ seemed to confer similar protection, while one dose of J&J showed lower protection in this age category. In conclusion, a primary vaccination schedule protects against worsening of COVID-19 to severe outcomes among hospitalized patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/14SARS-CoV-2COVID-19Deltahospitalizedvaccinebrand |
| spellingShingle | Queeny Robalo Laurane De Mot Mathil Vandromme Nina Van Goethem Andrea Gabrio Pui Yan Jenny Chung Marjan Meurisse Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19 Hospital Surveillance Lucy Catteau Carel Thijs Koen Blot Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study Vaccines SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Delta hospitalized vaccine brand |
| title | Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full | Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_short | Association between COVID-19 Primary Vaccination and Severe Disease Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among Hospitalized Patients: A Belgian Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_sort | association between covid 19 primary vaccination and severe disease caused by sars cov 2 delta variant among hospitalized patients a belgian retrospective cohort study |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Delta hospitalized vaccine brand |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/14 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT queenyrobalo associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT lauranedemot associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT mathilvandromme associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT ninavangoethem associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT andreagabrio associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT puiyanjennychung associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT marjanmeurisse associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT belgiancollaborativegrouponcovid19hospitalsurveillance associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT lucycatteau associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT carelthijs associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy AT koenblot associationbetweencovid19primaryvaccinationandseverediseasecausedbysarscov2deltavariantamonghospitalizedpatientsabelgianretrospectivecohortstudy |