IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans.
Motile and non-motile cilia play critical roles in mammalian development and health. These organelles are composed of a 1000 or more unique proteins, but their assembly depends entirely on proteins synthesized in the cell body and transported into the cilium by intraflagellar transport (IFT). In mam...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-06-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010796 |
| _version_ | 1827910151138443264 |
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| author | Zeineb Bakey Oscar A Cabrera Julia Hoefele Dinu Antony Kaman Wu Michael W Stuck Dimitra Micha Thibaut Eguether Abigail O Smith Nicole N van der Wel Matias Wagner Lara Strittmatter Philip L Beales Julie A Jonassen Isabelle Thiffault Maxime Cadieux-Dion Laura Boyes Saba Sharif Beyhan Tüysüz Desiree Dunstheimer Hans W M Niessen William Devine Cecilia W Lo Hannah M Mitchison Miriam Schmidts Gregory J Pazour |
| author_facet | Zeineb Bakey Oscar A Cabrera Julia Hoefele Dinu Antony Kaman Wu Michael W Stuck Dimitra Micha Thibaut Eguether Abigail O Smith Nicole N van der Wel Matias Wagner Lara Strittmatter Philip L Beales Julie A Jonassen Isabelle Thiffault Maxime Cadieux-Dion Laura Boyes Saba Sharif Beyhan Tüysüz Desiree Dunstheimer Hans W M Niessen William Devine Cecilia W Lo Hannah M Mitchison Miriam Schmidts Gregory J Pazour |
| author_sort | Zeineb Bakey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Motile and non-motile cilia play critical roles in mammalian development and health. These organelles are composed of a 1000 or more unique proteins, but their assembly depends entirely on proteins synthesized in the cell body and transported into the cilium by intraflagellar transport (IFT). In mammals, malfunction of non-motile cilia due to IFT dysfunction results in complex developmental phenotypes that affect most organs. In contrast, disruption of motile cilia function causes subfertility, disruption of the left-right body axis, and recurrent airway infections with progressive lung damage. In this work, we characterize allele specific phenotypes resulting from IFT74 dysfunction in human and mice. We identified two families carrying a deletion encompassing IFT74 exon 2, the first coding exon, resulting in a protein lacking the first 40 amino acids and two individuals carrying biallelic splice site mutations. Homozygous exon 2 deletion cases presented a ciliary chondrodysplasia with narrow thorax and progressive growth retardation along with a mucociliary clearance disorder phenotype with severely shorted cilia. Splice site variants resulted in a lethal skeletal chondrodysplasia phenotype. In mice, removal of the first 40 amino acids likewise results in a motile cilia phenotype but with little effect on primary cilia structure. Mice carrying this allele are born alive but are growth restricted and developed hydrocephaly in the first month of life. In contrast, a strong, likely null, allele of Ift74 in mouse completely blocks ciliary assembly and causes severe heart defects and midgestational lethality. In vitro studies suggest that the first 40 amino acids of IFT74 are dispensable for binding of other IFT subunits but are important for tubulin binding. Higher demands on tubulin transport in motile cilia compared to primary cilia resulting from increased mechanical stress and repair needs could account for the motile cilia phenotype observed in human and mice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:48:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e3c33751139d4a74a9903b2f1e069797 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:48:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-e3c33751139d4a74a9903b2f1e0697972023-07-03T05:31:45ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042023-06-01196e101079610.1371/journal.pgen.1010796IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans.Zeineb BakeyOscar A CabreraJulia HoefeleDinu AntonyKaman WuMichael W StuckDimitra MichaThibaut EguetherAbigail O SmithNicole N van der WelMatias WagnerLara StrittmatterPhilip L BealesJulie A JonassenIsabelle ThiffaultMaxime Cadieux-DionLaura BoyesSaba SharifBeyhan TüysüzDesiree DunstheimerHans W M NiessenWilliam DevineCecilia W LoHannah M MitchisonMiriam SchmidtsGregory J PazourMotile and non-motile cilia play critical roles in mammalian development and health. These organelles are composed of a 1000 or more unique proteins, but their assembly depends entirely on proteins synthesized in the cell body and transported into the cilium by intraflagellar transport (IFT). In mammals, malfunction of non-motile cilia due to IFT dysfunction results in complex developmental phenotypes that affect most organs. In contrast, disruption of motile cilia function causes subfertility, disruption of the left-right body axis, and recurrent airway infections with progressive lung damage. In this work, we characterize allele specific phenotypes resulting from IFT74 dysfunction in human and mice. We identified two families carrying a deletion encompassing IFT74 exon 2, the first coding exon, resulting in a protein lacking the first 40 amino acids and two individuals carrying biallelic splice site mutations. Homozygous exon 2 deletion cases presented a ciliary chondrodysplasia with narrow thorax and progressive growth retardation along with a mucociliary clearance disorder phenotype with severely shorted cilia. Splice site variants resulted in a lethal skeletal chondrodysplasia phenotype. In mice, removal of the first 40 amino acids likewise results in a motile cilia phenotype but with little effect on primary cilia structure. Mice carrying this allele are born alive but are growth restricted and developed hydrocephaly in the first month of life. In contrast, a strong, likely null, allele of Ift74 in mouse completely blocks ciliary assembly and causes severe heart defects and midgestational lethality. In vitro studies suggest that the first 40 amino acids of IFT74 are dispensable for binding of other IFT subunits but are important for tubulin binding. Higher demands on tubulin transport in motile cilia compared to primary cilia resulting from increased mechanical stress and repair needs could account for the motile cilia phenotype observed in human and mice.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010796 |
| spellingShingle | Zeineb Bakey Oscar A Cabrera Julia Hoefele Dinu Antony Kaman Wu Michael W Stuck Dimitra Micha Thibaut Eguether Abigail O Smith Nicole N van der Wel Matias Wagner Lara Strittmatter Philip L Beales Julie A Jonassen Isabelle Thiffault Maxime Cadieux-Dion Laura Boyes Saba Sharif Beyhan Tüysüz Desiree Dunstheimer Hans W M Niessen William Devine Cecilia W Lo Hannah M Mitchison Miriam Schmidts Gregory J Pazour IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans. PLoS Genetics |
| title | IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans. |
| title_full | IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans. |
| title_fullStr | IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans. |
| title_full_unstemmed | IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans. |
| title_short | IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans. |
| title_sort | ift74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010796 |
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