Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin
<i>Candida auris</i> readily colonizes skin and efficiently spreads among patients in healthcare settings worldwide. Given the capacity of this drug-resistant fungal pathogen to cause invasive disease with high mortality, hospitals frequently employ chlorhexidine bathing to reduce skin c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/10/804 |
| _version_ | 1797514207049023488 |
|---|---|
| author | Chad J. Johnson Emily F. Eix Brandon C. Lam Kayla M. Wartman Jennifer J. Meudt Dhanansayan Shanmuganayagam Jeniel E. Nett |
| author_facet | Chad J. Johnson Emily F. Eix Brandon C. Lam Kayla M. Wartman Jennifer J. Meudt Dhanansayan Shanmuganayagam Jeniel E. Nett |
| author_sort | Chad J. Johnson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Candida auris</i> readily colonizes skin and efficiently spreads among patients in healthcare settings worldwide. Given the capacity of this drug-resistant fungal pathogen to cause invasive disease with high mortality, hospitals frequently employ chlorhexidine bathing to reduce skin colonization. Using an ex vivo skin model, we show only a mild reduction in <i>C. auris</i> following chlorhexidine application. This finding helps explain why chlorhexidine bathing may have failures clinically, despite potent in vitro activity. We further show that isopropanol augments the activity of chlorhexidine against <i>C. auris</i> on skin. Additionally, we find both tea tree (<i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>) oil and lemongrass (<i>Cymbopogon flexuosus</i>) oil to further enhance the activity of chlorhexidine/isopropanol for decolonization. We link this antifungal activity to individual oil components and show how some of these components act synergistically with chlorhexidine/isopropanol. Together, the studies provide strategies to improve <i>C. auris</i> skin decolonization through the incorporation of commonly used topical compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:28:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e3c495961ee840c7848b42de86abfe15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:28:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-e3c495961ee840c7848b42de86abfe152023-11-22T18:46:42ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-09-0171080410.3390/jof7100804Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skinChad J. Johnson0Emily F. Eix1Brandon C. Lam2Kayla M. Wartman3Jennifer J. Meudt4Dhanansayan Shanmuganayagam5Jeniel E. Nett6Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA<i>Candida auris</i> readily colonizes skin and efficiently spreads among patients in healthcare settings worldwide. Given the capacity of this drug-resistant fungal pathogen to cause invasive disease with high mortality, hospitals frequently employ chlorhexidine bathing to reduce skin colonization. Using an ex vivo skin model, we show only a mild reduction in <i>C. auris</i> following chlorhexidine application. This finding helps explain why chlorhexidine bathing may have failures clinically, despite potent in vitro activity. We further show that isopropanol augments the activity of chlorhexidine against <i>C. auris</i> on skin. Additionally, we find both tea tree (<i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>) oil and lemongrass (<i>Cymbopogon flexuosus</i>) oil to further enhance the activity of chlorhexidine/isopropanol for decolonization. We link this antifungal activity to individual oil components and show how some of these components act synergistically with chlorhexidine/isopropanol. Together, the studies provide strategies to improve <i>C. auris</i> skin decolonization through the incorporation of commonly used topical compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/10/804<i>Candida auris</i>biofilmchlorhexidineskinporcineessential oil |
| spellingShingle | Chad J. Johnson Emily F. Eix Brandon C. Lam Kayla M. Wartman Jennifer J. Meudt Dhanansayan Shanmuganayagam Jeniel E. Nett Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin Journal of Fungi <i>Candida auris</i> biofilm chlorhexidine skin porcine essential oil |
| title | Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin |
| title_full | Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin |
| title_fullStr | Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin |
| title_short | Augmenting the Activity of Chlorhexidine for Decolonization of <i>Candida auris</i> from Porcine skin |
| title_sort | augmenting the activity of chlorhexidine for decolonization of i candida auris i from porcine skin |
| topic | <i>Candida auris</i> biofilm chlorhexidine skin porcine essential oil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/10/804 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chadjjohnson augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin AT emilyfeix augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin AT brandonclam augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin AT kaylamwartman augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin AT jenniferjmeudt augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin AT dhanansayanshanmuganayagam augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin AT jenielenett augmentingtheactivityofchlorhexidinefordecolonizationoficandidaaurisifromporcineskin |