A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium
In the present article, we investigate the free convective flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid in a two-phase inclined channel saturated with a porous medium. The flow has been propelled using the pressure gradient, thermal radiation, and buoyancy force. The flow model’s governing equations are resol...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| author | K. M. Pavithra Pudhari Srilatha B. N. Hanumagowda S. V. K. Varma Amit Verma Shalan Alkarni Nehad Ali Shah |
| author_facet | K. M. Pavithra Pudhari Srilatha B. N. Hanumagowda S. V. K. Varma Amit Verma Shalan Alkarni Nehad Ali Shah |
| author_sort | K. M. Pavithra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the present article, we investigate the free convective flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid in a two-phase inclined channel saturated with a porous medium. The flow has been propelled using the pressure gradient, thermal radiation, and buoyancy force. The flow model’s governing equations are resolved using the regular perturbation approach. The governing equations are solved with the help of the regular perturbation method. Polyethylene glycol and water (at a ratio of 50%:50%) fill up Region I, while a ternary hybrid nanofluid based on zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and carbon nanotubes occupies Region II. The ternary hybrid nanofluids are defined with a mixture model in which three different shapes of nanoparticles, namely spherical, platelet, and cylindrical, are incorporated. The consequences of the most significant variables have been examined using both visual and tabular data. The main finding of this work is that utilising a ternary hybrid nanofluid at the plate y = 1 increases the rate of heat transfers by 753%, demonstrating the potential thermal efficiency. The overall heat and volume flow rates are amplified by buoyant forces and viscous dissipations and dampened by the thermal radiation parameter. The optimum enhancement of temperature is achieved by the influence of buoyancy forces. A ternary nanofluid region experiences the maximum temperature increase compared to a clear fluid region. To ensure the study’s efficiency, we validated it with prior studies. |
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| issn | 2073-8994 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:33:06Z |
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| series | Symmetry |
| spelling | doaj.art-e3ca65376913448fa23ca7319cd561432023-11-19T03:12:18ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942023-08-01158161510.3390/sym15081615A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous MediumK. M. Pavithra0Pudhari Srilatha1B. N. Hanumagowda2S. V. K. Varma3Amit Verma4Shalan Alkarni5Nehad Ali Shah6Department of Mathematics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad 500043, Telangana, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science & Engineering, University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaIn the present article, we investigate the free convective flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid in a two-phase inclined channel saturated with a porous medium. The flow has been propelled using the pressure gradient, thermal radiation, and buoyancy force. The flow model’s governing equations are resolved using the regular perturbation approach. The governing equations are solved with the help of the regular perturbation method. Polyethylene glycol and water (at a ratio of 50%:50%) fill up Region I, while a ternary hybrid nanofluid based on zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and carbon nanotubes occupies Region II. The ternary hybrid nanofluids are defined with a mixture model in which three different shapes of nanoparticles, namely spherical, platelet, and cylindrical, are incorporated. The consequences of the most significant variables have been examined using both visual and tabular data. The main finding of this work is that utilising a ternary hybrid nanofluid at the plate y = 1 increases the rate of heat transfers by 753%, demonstrating the potential thermal efficiency. The overall heat and volume flow rates are amplified by buoyant forces and viscous dissipations and dampened by the thermal radiation parameter. The optimum enhancement of temperature is achieved by the influence of buoyancy forces. A ternary nanofluid region experiences the maximum temperature increase compared to a clear fluid region. To ensure the study’s efficiency, we validated it with prior studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/8/1615carbon nanotubeshape factorviscous and Darcy dissipationternary hybrid nanofluidsthermal radiationporous medium |
| spellingShingle | K. M. Pavithra Pudhari Srilatha B. N. Hanumagowda S. V. K. Varma Amit Verma Shalan Alkarni Nehad Ali Shah A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium Symmetry carbon nanotube shape factor viscous and Darcy dissipation ternary hybrid nanofluids thermal radiation porous medium |
| title | A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium |
| title_full | A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium |
| title_fullStr | A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium |
| title_short | A Free Convective Two-Phase Flow of Optically Thick Radiative Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid in an Inclined Symmetrical Channel through a Porous Medium |
| title_sort | free convective two phase flow of optically thick radiative ternary hybrid nanofluid in an inclined symmetrical channel through a porous medium |
| topic | carbon nanotube shape factor viscous and Darcy dissipation ternary hybrid nanofluids thermal radiation porous medium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/8/1615 |
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