Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns
Abstract By altering the abundance, diversity, and distribution of species—and their pathogens—globalization may inadvertently select for more virulent pathogens. In Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, a hotspot of amphibian biodiversity, the global amphibian trade has facilitated the co-occurrence of previou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Communications Biology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05314-y |
| _version_ | 1797557176610324480 |
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| author | Tamilie Carvalho Daniel Medina Luisa P. Ribeiro David Rodriguez Thomas S. Jenkinson C. Guilherme Becker Luís Felipe Toledo Jessica L. Hite |
| author_facet | Tamilie Carvalho Daniel Medina Luisa P. Ribeiro David Rodriguez Thomas S. Jenkinson C. Guilherme Becker Luís Felipe Toledo Jessica L. Hite |
| author_sort | Tamilie Carvalho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract By altering the abundance, diversity, and distribution of species—and their pathogens—globalization may inadvertently select for more virulent pathogens. In Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, a hotspot of amphibian biodiversity, the global amphibian trade has facilitated the co-occurrence of previously isolated enzootic and panzootic lineages of the pathogenic amphibian-chytrid (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, ‘Bd’) and generated new virulent recombinant genotypes (‘hybrids’). Epidemiological data indicate that amphibian declines are most severe in hybrid zones, suggesting that coinfections are causing more severe infections or selecting for higher virulence. We investigated how coinfections involving these genotypes shapes virulence and transmission. Overall, coinfection favored the more virulent and competitively superior panzootic genotype, despite dampening its transmission potential and overall virulence. However, for the least virulent and least competitive genotype, coinfection increased both overall virulence and transmission. Thus, by integrating experimental and epidemiological data, our results provide mechanistic insight into how globalization can select for, and propel, the emergence of introduced hypervirulent lineages, such as the globally distributed panzootic lineage of Bd. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:13:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e3e01615bd7841e482663afdafed013e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2399-3642 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:13:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e3e01615bd7841e482663afdafed013e2023-11-20T10:36:20ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Biology2399-36422023-09-016111010.1038/s42003-023-05314-yCoinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patternsTamilie Carvalho0Daniel Medina1Luisa P. Ribeiro2David Rodriguez3Thomas S. Jenkinson4C. Guilherme Becker5Luís Felipe Toledo6Jessica L. Hite7Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, UnicampLaboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, UnicampLaboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, UnicampDepartment of Biology, Texas State UniversityDepartment of Biological Sciences, California State University—East BayDepartment of Biology, and Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, One Health Microbiome Center, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State UniversityLaboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, UnicampSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-MadisonAbstract By altering the abundance, diversity, and distribution of species—and their pathogens—globalization may inadvertently select for more virulent pathogens. In Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, a hotspot of amphibian biodiversity, the global amphibian trade has facilitated the co-occurrence of previously isolated enzootic and panzootic lineages of the pathogenic amphibian-chytrid (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, ‘Bd’) and generated new virulent recombinant genotypes (‘hybrids’). Epidemiological data indicate that amphibian declines are most severe in hybrid zones, suggesting that coinfections are causing more severe infections or selecting for higher virulence. We investigated how coinfections involving these genotypes shapes virulence and transmission. Overall, coinfection favored the more virulent and competitively superior panzootic genotype, despite dampening its transmission potential and overall virulence. However, for the least virulent and least competitive genotype, coinfection increased both overall virulence and transmission. Thus, by integrating experimental and epidemiological data, our results provide mechanistic insight into how globalization can select for, and propel, the emergence of introduced hypervirulent lineages, such as the globally distributed panzootic lineage of Bd.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05314-y |
| spellingShingle | Tamilie Carvalho Daniel Medina Luisa P. Ribeiro David Rodriguez Thomas S. Jenkinson C. Guilherme Becker Luís Felipe Toledo Jessica L. Hite Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns Communications Biology |
| title | Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns |
| title_full | Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns |
| title_fullStr | Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns |
| title_short | Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns |
| title_sort | coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05314-y |
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