Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance
Introduction.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in the cerebral white matter (WM). We hypothesized that WM response to nicotine can be detected by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); and that such responses may be associated with nicotine-led cognitive enhancement in sustained attention. Meth...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2013.00117/full |
| _version_ | 1818213323565432832 |
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| author | Peter eKochunov Michael eDu Lauren eMoran Hema eSampath Andrea eWijtenburg Yihong eYang Laura M Rowland Elliot eStein Elliott eHong |
| author_facet | Peter eKochunov Michael eDu Lauren eMoran Hema eSampath Andrea eWijtenburg Yihong eYang Laura M Rowland Elliot eStein Elliott eHong |
| author_sort | Peter eKochunov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in the cerebral white matter (WM). We hypothesized that WM response to nicotine can be detected by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); and that such responses may be associated with nicotine-led cognitive enhancement in sustained attention. MethodsA randomized, nicotine-placebo patch, crossover, double-blind clinical trial in two non-overlapping cohorts of smokers was used to test the hypothesis. The discovery cohort consisted of 39 subjects (N=20/19 controls/schizophrenic patients, age=36.8±10.1years) and the replication cohorts consisted of 38 healthy smokers (31.7±10.5years). WM integrity was measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) values for the whole brain and nine preselected WM tracts using tract-based-spatial-statistics. Results.Nicotine significantly enhanced FA values for the genu of corpus callosum compared with placebo (FAgenu) (p=0.01) in smokers with low recent smoking exposure as measured by low average cotinine level. This finding was replicated in the second cohort (p=0.02). FAgenu values explained 22% of variance in performance of a sustained attention task during the nicotine session (p=0.006). However, this effect was limited to schizophrenia patients (r= 0.62 and 0.09; p=0.003 and 0.7 for patients and controls, respectively).Conclusion. Acute pharmacological influence of nicotine patch on WM integrity appeared present, but was dependent on nicotine intake from recent smoking. Change in the WM integrity in the genu of corpus callosum was assocatied with a significant proportion of variability of nicotine-led changes in sustained attention/working memory of the smokers. Further studies will be necessary to understand biophysical underpinning of the nicotine-related changes in FA. |
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| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:02:28Z |
| publishDate | 2013-09-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e3f9dbfceada4dce888554c177f923402022-12-22T00:35:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122013-09-01410.3389/fphar.2013.0011763034Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performancePeter eKochunov0Michael eDu1Lauren eMoran2Hema eSampath3Andrea eWijtenburg4Yihong eYang5Laura M Rowland6Elliot eStein7Elliott eHong8Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineNIH-NIDAMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineNIH-NIDAMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineIntroduction.Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in the cerebral white matter (WM). We hypothesized that WM response to nicotine can be detected by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); and that such responses may be associated with nicotine-led cognitive enhancement in sustained attention. MethodsA randomized, nicotine-placebo patch, crossover, double-blind clinical trial in two non-overlapping cohorts of smokers was used to test the hypothesis. The discovery cohort consisted of 39 subjects (N=20/19 controls/schizophrenic patients, age=36.8±10.1years) and the replication cohorts consisted of 38 healthy smokers (31.7±10.5years). WM integrity was measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) values for the whole brain and nine preselected WM tracts using tract-based-spatial-statistics. Results.Nicotine significantly enhanced FA values for the genu of corpus callosum compared with placebo (FAgenu) (p=0.01) in smokers with low recent smoking exposure as measured by low average cotinine level. This finding was replicated in the second cohort (p=0.02). FAgenu values explained 22% of variance in performance of a sustained attention task during the nicotine session (p=0.006). However, this effect was limited to schizophrenia patients (r= 0.62 and 0.09; p=0.003 and 0.7 for patients and controls, respectively).Conclusion. Acute pharmacological influence of nicotine patch on WM integrity appeared present, but was dependent on nicotine intake from recent smoking. Change in the WM integrity in the genu of corpus callosum was assocatied with a significant proportion of variability of nicotine-led changes in sustained attention/working memory of the smokers. Further studies will be necessary to understand biophysical underpinning of the nicotine-related changes in FA.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2013.00117/fullAttentionNicotineDTIfractional anisotropypharmocological MRI |
| spellingShingle | Peter eKochunov Michael eDu Lauren eMoran Hema eSampath Andrea eWijtenburg Yihong eYang Laura M Rowland Elliot eStein Elliott eHong Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance Frontiers in Pharmacology Attention Nicotine DTI fractional anisotropy pharmocological MRI |
| title | Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance |
| title_full | Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance |
| title_fullStr | Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance |
| title_short | Acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance |
| title_sort | acute nicotine administration effects on fractional anisotropy of cerebral white matter and associated attention performance |
| topic | Attention Nicotine DTI fractional anisotropy pharmocological MRI |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2013.00117/full |
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