Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat
Chloroplasts have a critical role in plant defense as sites for the biosynthesis of the signaling compounds salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and nitric oxide (NO) and as major sites of reactive oxygen species production. Chloroplasts, therefore, regarded as important players in the induction...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2015-05-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-10-14-0346-R |
| _version_ | 1818647398940934144 |
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| author | Wing-Sham Lee B. Jean Devonshire Kim E. Hammond-Kosack Jason J. Rudd Kostya Kanyuka |
| author_facet | Wing-Sham Lee B. Jean Devonshire Kim E. Hammond-Kosack Jason J. Rudd Kostya Kanyuka |
| author_sort | Wing-Sham Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chloroplasts have a critical role in plant defense as sites for the biosynthesis of the signaling compounds salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and nitric oxide (NO) and as major sites of reactive oxygen species production. Chloroplasts, therefore, regarded as important players in the induction and regulation of programmed cell death (PCD) in response to abiotic stresses and pathogen attack. The predominantly foliar pathogen of wheat Zymoseptoria tritici is proposed to exploit the plant PCD, which is associated with the transition in the fungus to the necrotrophic phase of infection. In this study virus-induced gene silencing was used to silence two key genes in carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis, phytoene desaturase (PDS) and Mg-chelatase H subunit (ChlH). The chlorophyll-deficient, PDS- and ChlH-silenced leaves of susceptible plants underwent more rapid pathogen-induced PCD but were significantly less able to support the subsequent asexual sporulation of Z. tritici. Conversely, major gene (Stb6)-mediated resistance to Z. tritici was partially compromised in PDS- and ChlH-silenced leaves. Chlorophyll-deficient wheat ears also displayed increased Z. tritici disease lesion formation accompanied by increased asexual sporulation. These data highlight the importance of chloroplast functionality and its interaction with regulated plant cell death in mediating different genotype and tissue-specific interactions between Z. tritici and wheat. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:01:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4007cfd1ac941338e471c50aa448dbe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:01:54Z |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4007cfd1ac941338e471c50aa448dbe2022-12-21T22:09:25ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062015-05-0128559060410.1094/MPMI-10-14-0346-RDeregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on WheatWing-Sham Lee0B. Jean Devonshire1Kim E. Hammond-Kosack2Jason J. Rudd3Kostya Kanyuka4Wheat Pathogenomics Team, Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, U.K.;Bioimaging, Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, U.K.Wheat Pathogenomics Team, Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, U.K.;Wheat Pathogenomics Team, Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, U.K.;Wheat Pathogenomics Team, Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, U.K.;Chloroplasts have a critical role in plant defense as sites for the biosynthesis of the signaling compounds salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and nitric oxide (NO) and as major sites of reactive oxygen species production. Chloroplasts, therefore, regarded as important players in the induction and regulation of programmed cell death (PCD) in response to abiotic stresses and pathogen attack. The predominantly foliar pathogen of wheat Zymoseptoria tritici is proposed to exploit the plant PCD, which is associated with the transition in the fungus to the necrotrophic phase of infection. In this study virus-induced gene silencing was used to silence two key genes in carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis, phytoene desaturase (PDS) and Mg-chelatase H subunit (ChlH). The chlorophyll-deficient, PDS- and ChlH-silenced leaves of susceptible plants underwent more rapid pathogen-induced PCD but were significantly less able to support the subsequent asexual sporulation of Z. tritici. Conversely, major gene (Stb6)-mediated resistance to Z. tritici was partially compromised in PDS- and ChlH-silenced leaves. Chlorophyll-deficient wheat ears also displayed increased Z. tritici disease lesion formation accompanied by increased asexual sporulation. These data highlight the importance of chloroplast functionality and its interaction with regulated plant cell death in mediating different genotype and tissue-specific interactions between Z. tritici and wheat.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-10-14-0346-R |
| spellingShingle | Wing-Sham Lee B. Jean Devonshire Kim E. Hammond-Kosack Jason J. Rudd Kostya Kanyuka Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| title | Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat |
| title_full | Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat |
| title_fullStr | Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat |
| title_short | Deregulation of Plant Cell Death Through Disruption of Chloroplast Functionality Affects Asexual Sporulation of Zymoseptoria tritici on Wheat |
| title_sort | deregulation of plant cell death through disruption of chloroplast functionality affects asexual sporulation of zymoseptoria tritici on wheat |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-10-14-0346-R |
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