Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil
During the current investigation, eight essential oils (EOs) were tested for their antimicrobial activity against six species, belonging to the genus of <i>staphylococcus</i>, multi-resistant to antibiotics (<i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. cohni</i>, <i>S. ware...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/3/237 |
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| author | Chedia Aouadhi Ahlem Jouini Karima Maaroufi Abderrazak Maaroufi |
| author_facet | Chedia Aouadhi Ahlem Jouini Karima Maaroufi Abderrazak Maaroufi |
| author_sort | Chedia Aouadhi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the current investigation, eight essential oils (EOs) were tested for their antimicrobial activity against six species, belonging to the genus of <i>staphylococcus</i>, multi-resistant to antibiotics (<i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. cohni</i>, <i>S. wareneri</i>, <i>S. scuiri</i>, <i>S. chromogenes</i>, <i>S. pasteuri</i>), three methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains (MRSA) and two strains of <i>Escherichia coli,</i> producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) responsible for bovine mastitis. Our results indicated that the antimicrobial activities of eight EOs varied significantly among the types of EOs and bacterial species. <i>Thymus capitatus</i> and <i>Trachyspermum ammi</i> EOs display important antibacterial activity against all tested strains, with the inhibition zone diameters situated between 20 and 45 mm, while EOs of <i>Artemisia absinthium</i>, <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i>, <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i>, <i>Myrtus communis</i> and <i>Mentha pulegium</i> exerted an intermediate activity. For <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i>, this effect depends on bacteria species. In fact, an important effect was observed against <i>S. warneri</i>, <i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. cohenii</i>, <i>S. pasteuri</i> and MRSA (EC 39+) strains. In addition, the important lytic effect was observed against MRSA strains, showing that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to <i>T. capitatus</i> EO than Gram-negative ones. Concerning the characterization of the mode action of <i>T. capitatus</i>, experiments of kill-time, bacteriolytic, loss of salt tolerance and loss of cytoplasmic material showed that the used EO was able to destroy cell walls and membranes followed by the loss of vital intracellular materials. In addition, it inhibits the normal synthesis of DNA, causing the bacterial death of <i>E. coli</i> and MRSA strains. This study shows the potential of using of EOs, particularly <i>T. capitaus,</i> to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria multi-resistant to antibiotics causing bovine mastitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:37:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e410a40845754d1e905b626f4109a98a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:37:13Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-e410a40845754d1e905b626f4109a98a2024-03-27T13:18:09ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-03-0113323710.3390/antibiotics13030237Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential OilChedia Aouadhi0Ahlem Jouini1Karima Maaroufi2Abderrazak Maaroufi3Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia (IPT), University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), BP 74, 13 Place Pasteur, Belvédère, Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia (IPT), University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), BP 74, 13 Place Pasteur, Belvédère, Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Functional Physiology and Bio-Resources Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, TunisiaLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia (IPT), University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), BP 74, 13 Place Pasteur, Belvédère, Tunis 1002, TunisiaDuring the current investigation, eight essential oils (EOs) were tested for their antimicrobial activity against six species, belonging to the genus of <i>staphylococcus</i>, multi-resistant to antibiotics (<i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. cohni</i>, <i>S. wareneri</i>, <i>S. scuiri</i>, <i>S. chromogenes</i>, <i>S. pasteuri</i>), three methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains (MRSA) and two strains of <i>Escherichia coli,</i> producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) responsible for bovine mastitis. Our results indicated that the antimicrobial activities of eight EOs varied significantly among the types of EOs and bacterial species. <i>Thymus capitatus</i> and <i>Trachyspermum ammi</i> EOs display important antibacterial activity against all tested strains, with the inhibition zone diameters situated between 20 and 45 mm, while EOs of <i>Artemisia absinthium</i>, <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i>, <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i>, <i>Myrtus communis</i> and <i>Mentha pulegium</i> exerted an intermediate activity. For <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i>, this effect depends on bacteria species. In fact, an important effect was observed against <i>S. warneri</i>, <i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. cohenii</i>, <i>S. pasteuri</i> and MRSA (EC 39+) strains. In addition, the important lytic effect was observed against MRSA strains, showing that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to <i>T. capitatus</i> EO than Gram-negative ones. Concerning the characterization of the mode action of <i>T. capitatus</i>, experiments of kill-time, bacteriolytic, loss of salt tolerance and loss of cytoplasmic material showed that the used EO was able to destroy cell walls and membranes followed by the loss of vital intracellular materials. In addition, it inhibits the normal synthesis of DNA, causing the bacterial death of <i>E. coli</i> and MRSA strains. This study shows the potential of using of EOs, particularly <i>T. capitaus,</i> to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria multi-resistant to antibiotics causing bovine mastitis.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/3/237essential oilantimicrobial activityaction modeStaphylococciGram-negative bacteriabovine mastitis |
| spellingShingle | Chedia Aouadhi Ahlem Jouini Karima Maaroufi Abderrazak Maaroufi Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil Antibiotics essential oil antimicrobial activity action mode Staphylococci Gram-negative bacteria bovine mastitis |
| title | Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil |
| title_full | Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil |
| title_short | Antibacterial Effect of Eight Essential Oils against Bacteria Implicated in Bovine Mastitis and Characterization of Primary Action Mode of <i>Thymus capitatus</i> Essential Oil |
| title_sort | antibacterial effect of eight essential oils against bacteria implicated in bovine mastitis and characterization of primary action mode of i thymus capitatus i essential oil |
| topic | essential oil antimicrobial activity action mode Staphylococci Gram-negative bacteria bovine mastitis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/3/237 |
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