Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV
ABSTRACT Few studies have comprehensively compared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-induced and hybrid B- and T-cell responses in people with HIV (PWH) to those in comparable controls without HIV. We included 195 PWH and 246 comparable controls from the AGEhIV COV...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01155-23 |
| _version_ | 1797803426840576000 |
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| author | Myrthe L. Verburgh Lisa van Pul Marloes Grobben Anders Boyd Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit Ad C. van Nuenen Karel A. van Dort Khadija Tejjani Jacqueline van Rijswijk Margreet Bakker Lia van der Hoek Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff Marc van der Valk Marit J. van Gils Neeltje A. Kootstra Peter Reiss |
| author_facet | Myrthe L. Verburgh Lisa van Pul Marloes Grobben Anders Boyd Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit Ad C. van Nuenen Karel A. van Dort Khadija Tejjani Jacqueline van Rijswijk Margreet Bakker Lia van der Hoek Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff Marc van der Valk Marit J. van Gils Neeltje A. Kootstra Peter Reiss |
| author_sort | Myrthe L. Verburgh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Few studies have comprehensively compared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-induced and hybrid B- and T-cell responses in people with HIV (PWH) to those in comparable controls without HIV. We included 195 PWH and 246 comparable controls from the AGEhIV COVID-19 substudy. A positive nucleocapsid antibody (INgezim IgA/IgM/IgG) or self-reported PCR test defined prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike (anti-S) IgG titers and anti-S IgG production by memory B cells were assessed. Neutralizing antibody titers were determined in a subset of participants. T-cell responses were assessed by gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release and activation-induced marker assay. We estimated mean differences in postvaccination immune responses (β) between levels of determinants. Anti-S IgG titers and anti-S IgG production by memory B cells were not different between PWH and controls. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (β = 0.77), receiving mRNA vaccine (β = 0.56), female sex (β = 0.24), fewer days between last vaccination and sampling (β = 0.07), and a CD4/CD8 ratio of <1.0 (β = −0.39) were independently associated with anti-S IgG titers, but HIV status was not. Neutralization titers against the ancestral and Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants were not different between PWH and controls. IFN-γ release was higher in PWH. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (β = 2.39), HIV-positive status (β = 1.61), and fewer days between last vaccination and sampling (β = 0.23) were independently associated with higher IFN-γ release. The percentages of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, however, were not different between PWH and controls. Individuals with well-controlled HIV generally mount robust vaccine-induced as well as hybrid B- and T-cell immunity across SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms similar to controls. Determinants of a reduced vaccine response were likewise largely similar in both groups and included a lower CD4/CD8 ratio. IMPORTANCE Some studies have suggested that people with HIV may respond less well to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. We comprehensively compared B- and T-cell responses to different COVID-19 vaccines in middle-aged persons with well-treated HIV and individuals of the same age without HIV, who were also highly comparable in terms of demographics and lifestyle, including those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Individuals with HIV generally mounted equally robust immunity to the different vaccines. Even stronger immunity was observed in both groups after prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings are reassuring with respect to the efficacy of SARS-Cov-2 vaccines for the sizable and increasing global population of people with HIV with access and a good response to HIV treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:20:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e41f2eae979f452e9fbb2e5eaf37db88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:20:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-e41f2eae979f452e9fbb2e5eaf37db882023-06-15T13:18:33ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972023-06-0111310.1128/spectrum.01155-23Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIVMyrthe L. Verburgh0Lisa van Pul1Marloes Grobben2Anders Boyd3Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit4Ad C. van Nuenen5Karel A. van Dort6Khadija Tejjani7Jacqueline van Rijswijk8Margreet Bakker9Lia van der Hoek10Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff11Marc van der Valk12Marit J. van Gils13Neeltje A. Kootstra14Peter Reiss15Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsHIV Monitoring Foundation, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsABSTRACT Few studies have comprehensively compared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-induced and hybrid B- and T-cell responses in people with HIV (PWH) to those in comparable controls without HIV. We included 195 PWH and 246 comparable controls from the AGEhIV COVID-19 substudy. A positive nucleocapsid antibody (INgezim IgA/IgM/IgG) or self-reported PCR test defined prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike (anti-S) IgG titers and anti-S IgG production by memory B cells were assessed. Neutralizing antibody titers were determined in a subset of participants. T-cell responses were assessed by gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release and activation-induced marker assay. We estimated mean differences in postvaccination immune responses (β) between levels of determinants. Anti-S IgG titers and anti-S IgG production by memory B cells were not different between PWH and controls. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (β = 0.77), receiving mRNA vaccine (β = 0.56), female sex (β = 0.24), fewer days between last vaccination and sampling (β = 0.07), and a CD4/CD8 ratio of <1.0 (β = −0.39) were independently associated with anti-S IgG titers, but HIV status was not. Neutralization titers against the ancestral and Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants were not different between PWH and controls. IFN-γ release was higher in PWH. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (β = 2.39), HIV-positive status (β = 1.61), and fewer days between last vaccination and sampling (β = 0.23) were independently associated with higher IFN-γ release. The percentages of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, however, were not different between PWH and controls. Individuals with well-controlled HIV generally mount robust vaccine-induced as well as hybrid B- and T-cell immunity across SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms similar to controls. Determinants of a reduced vaccine response were likewise largely similar in both groups and included a lower CD4/CD8 ratio. IMPORTANCE Some studies have suggested that people with HIV may respond less well to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. We comprehensively compared B- and T-cell responses to different COVID-19 vaccines in middle-aged persons with well-treated HIV and individuals of the same age without HIV, who were also highly comparable in terms of demographics and lifestyle, including those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Individuals with HIV generally mounted equally robust immunity to the different vaccines. Even stronger immunity was observed in both groups after prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings are reassuring with respect to the efficacy of SARS-Cov-2 vaccines for the sizable and increasing global population of people with HIV with access and a good response to HIV treatment.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01155-23HIVSARS-CoV-2 vaccineshumoral immune responsescellular immune responses |
| spellingShingle | Myrthe L. Verburgh Lisa van Pul Marloes Grobben Anders Boyd Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit Ad C. van Nuenen Karel A. van Dort Khadija Tejjani Jacqueline van Rijswijk Margreet Bakker Lia van der Hoek Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff Marc van der Valk Marit J. van Gils Neeltje A. Kootstra Peter Reiss Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV Microbiology Spectrum HIV SARS-CoV-2 vaccines humoral immune responses cellular immune responses |
| title | Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV |
| title_full | Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV |
| title_fullStr | Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV |
| title_full_unstemmed | Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV |
| title_short | Robust Vaccine-Induced as Well as Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity across SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Platforms in People with HIV |
| title_sort | robust vaccine induced as well as hybrid b and t cell immunity across sars cov 2 vaccine platforms in people with hiv |
| topic | HIV SARS-CoV-2 vaccines humoral immune responses cellular immune responses |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01155-23 |
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