Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation
Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common cardiovascular disease. An average-sized MI causes the loss of up to 1 billion cardiomyocytes and the adult heart lacks the capacity to replace them. Although post-MI treatment has dramatically improved survival rates over the last few decades, more than...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcvm.2019.00026/full |
| _version_ | 1818308065983725568 |
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| author | Arianna Ferrini Arianna Ferrini Molly M. Stevens Molly M. Stevens Molly M. Stevens Susanne Sattler Nadia Rosenthal Nadia Rosenthal |
| author_facet | Arianna Ferrini Arianna Ferrini Molly M. Stevens Molly M. Stevens Molly M. Stevens Susanne Sattler Nadia Rosenthal Nadia Rosenthal |
| author_sort | Arianna Ferrini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common cardiovascular disease. An average-sized MI causes the loss of up to 1 billion cardiomyocytes and the adult heart lacks the capacity to replace them. Although post-MI treatment has dramatically improved survival rates over the last few decades, more than 20% of patients affected by MI will subsequently develop heart failure (HF), an incurable condition where the contracting myocardium is transformed into an akinetic, fibrotic scar, unable to meet the body's need for blood supply. Excessive inflammation and persistent immune auto-reactivity have been suggested to contribute to post-MI tissue damage and exacerbate HF development. Two newly emerging fields of biomedical research, immunomodulatory therapies and cardiac bioengineering, provide potential options to target the causative mechanisms underlying HF development. Combining these two fields to develop biomaterials for delivery of immunomodulatory bioactive molecules holds great promise for HF therapy. Specifically, minimally invasive delivery of injectable hydrogels, loaded with bioactive factors with angiogenic, proliferative, anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory functions, is a promising route for influencing the cascade of immune events post-MI, preventing adverse left ventricular remodeling, and offering protection from early inflammation to fibrosis. Here we provide an updated overview on the main injectable hydrogel systems and bioactive factors that have been tested in animal models with promising results and discuss the challenges to be addressed for accelerating the development of these novel therapeutic strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:08:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e430d12079a04f39a94954a5edbbbf31 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:08:21Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-e430d12079a04f39a94954a5edbbbf312022-12-21T23:55:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2019-03-01610.3389/fcvm.2019.00026444715Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for ImmunomodulationArianna Ferrini0Arianna Ferrini1Molly M. Stevens2Molly M. Stevens3Molly M. Stevens4Susanne Sattler5Nadia Rosenthal6Nadia Rosenthal7Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomNational Heart and Lung Institute and BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomNational Heart and Lung Institute and BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomNational Heart and Lung Institute and BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomThe Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United StatesMyocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common cardiovascular disease. An average-sized MI causes the loss of up to 1 billion cardiomyocytes and the adult heart lacks the capacity to replace them. Although post-MI treatment has dramatically improved survival rates over the last few decades, more than 20% of patients affected by MI will subsequently develop heart failure (HF), an incurable condition where the contracting myocardium is transformed into an akinetic, fibrotic scar, unable to meet the body's need for blood supply. Excessive inflammation and persistent immune auto-reactivity have been suggested to contribute to post-MI tissue damage and exacerbate HF development. Two newly emerging fields of biomedical research, immunomodulatory therapies and cardiac bioengineering, provide potential options to target the causative mechanisms underlying HF development. Combining these two fields to develop biomaterials for delivery of immunomodulatory bioactive molecules holds great promise for HF therapy. Specifically, minimally invasive delivery of injectable hydrogels, loaded with bioactive factors with angiogenic, proliferative, anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory functions, is a promising route for influencing the cascade of immune events post-MI, preventing adverse left ventricular remodeling, and offering protection from early inflammation to fibrosis. Here we provide an updated overview on the main injectable hydrogel systems and bioactive factors that have been tested in animal models with promising results and discuss the challenges to be addressed for accelerating the development of these novel therapeutic strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcvm.2019.00026/fullmyocardial infarctioninjectable hydrogelcardiac regenerationimmunomodulationgrowth factors |
| spellingShingle | Arianna Ferrini Arianna Ferrini Molly M. Stevens Molly M. Stevens Molly M. Stevens Susanne Sattler Nadia Rosenthal Nadia Rosenthal Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine myocardial infarction injectable hydrogel cardiac regeneration immunomodulation growth factors |
| title | Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation |
| title_full | Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation |
| title_fullStr | Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation |
| title_short | Toward Regeneration of the Heart: Bioengineering Strategies for Immunomodulation |
| title_sort | toward regeneration of the heart bioengineering strategies for immunomodulation |
| topic | myocardial infarction injectable hydrogel cardiac regeneration immunomodulation growth factors |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcvm.2019.00026/full |
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