Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions
<i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>, commonly known as prairie gentian or Texas bluebells, is among the most popular agriculturally propagated species of cut flowers. Due to its widespread appeal, there is increasing interest in understanding the molecular genetic factors underlying floral devel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/2/164 |
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| author | Wanjie Xue Lishan Wang Xueqi Li Mingwei Tang Jingyao Li Bing Ding Saneyuki Kawabata Yuhua Li Yang Zhang |
| author_facet | Wanjie Xue Lishan Wang Xueqi Li Mingwei Tang Jingyao Li Bing Ding Saneyuki Kawabata Yuhua Li Yang Zhang |
| author_sort | Wanjie Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>, commonly known as prairie gentian or Texas bluebells, is among the most popular agriculturally propagated species of cut flowers. Due to its widespread appeal, there is increasing interest in understanding the molecular genetic factors underlying floral development and resistance to abiotic stresses. We analyzed 18 potential reference genes in different organs, at different floral developmental stages and under drought- and salt-stress treatments, for use in RT-qPCR analysis. A total of four analytical tool packages, including geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder were employed to determine the most appropriate reference genes under each treatment condition. The results demonstrate that different reference genes should be used for normalization under different experimental treatments. EgPP and EgPP2A2 were the most stable internal control genes across different organ types, EgPP and Eg18S were the most stable under salt-stress, EgPP and EgACT1 were the most stable across different floral development stages, and EgEF1A and EgTUA were the most stable reference genes under drought-stress. Additional gene expression analyses of EgMIXTA1, EgTOE1, and EgP5CS1 further confirmed the applicability of these reference genes. The results represent a significant contribution to future studies of reference gene selection for the normalization of gene expression in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:48:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4371d4eea644355bae20a7338fb9cb2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:48:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4371d4eea644355bae20a7338fb9cb22023-11-23T20:12:40ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-02-018216410.3390/horticulturae8020164Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental ConditionsWanjie Xue0Lishan Wang1Xueqi Li2Mingwei Tang3Jingyao Li4Bing Ding5Saneyuki Kawabata6Yuhua Li7Yang Zhang8Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaInstitute for Sustainable Agroecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, JapanKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China<i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>, commonly known as prairie gentian or Texas bluebells, is among the most popular agriculturally propagated species of cut flowers. Due to its widespread appeal, there is increasing interest in understanding the molecular genetic factors underlying floral development and resistance to abiotic stresses. We analyzed 18 potential reference genes in different organs, at different floral developmental stages and under drought- and salt-stress treatments, for use in RT-qPCR analysis. A total of four analytical tool packages, including geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder were employed to determine the most appropriate reference genes under each treatment condition. The results demonstrate that different reference genes should be used for normalization under different experimental treatments. EgPP and EgPP2A2 were the most stable internal control genes across different organ types, EgPP and Eg18S were the most stable under salt-stress, EgPP and EgACT1 were the most stable across different floral development stages, and EgEF1A and EgTUA were the most stable reference genes under drought-stress. Additional gene expression analyses of EgMIXTA1, EgTOE1, and EgP5CS1 further confirmed the applicability of these reference genes. The results represent a significant contribution to future studies of reference gene selection for the normalization of gene expression in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/2/164drought-stress<i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>floral developmentsalt-stressreference genesRT-qPCR |
| spellingShingle | Wanjie Xue Lishan Wang Xueqi Li Mingwei Tang Jingyao Li Bing Ding Saneyuki Kawabata Yuhua Li Yang Zhang Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions Horticulturae drought-stress <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> floral development salt-stress reference genes RT-qPCR |
| title | Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions |
| title_full | Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions |
| title_short | Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> under Different Experimental Conditions |
| title_sort | evaluation of reference genes for quantitative pcr in i eustoma grandiflorum i under different experimental conditions |
| topic | drought-stress <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i> floral development salt-stress reference genes RT-qPCR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/2/164 |
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