Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>)
Amino acid balance is central to improving the efficiency of feed protein utilization and for reducing environmental pollution caused by intensive farming. In previous studies, supplementation with limiting amino acids has been shown to be an effective means of improving animal nutrient utilization...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/16/2606 |
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| author | Yan Wu Yongzhen Zhu Xiaolan Guo Xiaoxu Wang Weitao Yuan Cuiliu Ma Xiaoli Chen Chao Xu Kaiying Wang |
| author_facet | Yan Wu Yongzhen Zhu Xiaolan Guo Xiaoxu Wang Weitao Yuan Cuiliu Ma Xiaoli Chen Chao Xu Kaiying Wang |
| author_sort | Yan Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amino acid balance is central to improving the efficiency of feed protein utilization and for reducing environmental pollution caused by intensive farming. In previous studies, supplementation with limiting amino acids has been shown to be an effective means of improving animal nutrient utilization and performance. In this experiment, the effects of methionine on the apparent digestibility of nutrients, antler nutrient composition, rumen fluid amino acid composition, fecal volatile fatty acids and intestinal bacteria in antler-growing sika deer were investigated by randomly adding different levels of methionine to the diets of three groups of four deer at 0 g/day (CON), 4 g/day (LMet) and 6 g/day (HMet). Methionine supplementation significantly increased the apparent digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in the LMet group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The crude protein and collagen protein of antlers were significantly higher in the LMet and HMet groups compared to the CON group and also significantly higher in the HMet group compared to the LMet group, while the calcium content of antlers was significantly lower in the HMet group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Ruminal fluid free amino acid composition was altered in the three groups of sika deer, with significant changes in aspartic acid, citrulline, valine, cysteine, methionine, histidine and proline. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were highest in the rectal microflora. Unidentified bacterial abundance was significantly decreased in the HMet group compared to the CON group. Based on the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and Adonis analysis, there was a significant difference in the composition of the intestinal flora between the CON and HMet groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON group, the abundance of <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010</i> in the LMet group increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05), the abundance of <i>dgA-11_gut_group</i> in the HMet group decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and the abundance of <i>Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010</i>, <i>Saccharofermentans</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group</i> increased significantly. Taken together, the results showed that methionine supplementation was beneficial in increasing the feed utilization efficiency and improving antler quality in sika deer, while affecting the composition of fecal bacteria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:12:00Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e43c79167f53480382f31ce105349b732023-11-18T23:57:36ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-08-011316260610.3390/ani13162606Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>)Yan Wu0Yongzhen Zhu1Xiaolan Guo2Xiaoxu Wang3Weitao Yuan4Cuiliu Ma5Xiaoli Chen6Chao Xu7Kaiying Wang8Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaInnovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, ChinaAmino acid balance is central to improving the efficiency of feed protein utilization and for reducing environmental pollution caused by intensive farming. In previous studies, supplementation with limiting amino acids has been shown to be an effective means of improving animal nutrient utilization and performance. In this experiment, the effects of methionine on the apparent digestibility of nutrients, antler nutrient composition, rumen fluid amino acid composition, fecal volatile fatty acids and intestinal bacteria in antler-growing sika deer were investigated by randomly adding different levels of methionine to the diets of three groups of four deer at 0 g/day (CON), 4 g/day (LMet) and 6 g/day (HMet). Methionine supplementation significantly increased the apparent digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in the LMet group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The crude protein and collagen protein of antlers were significantly higher in the LMet and HMet groups compared to the CON group and also significantly higher in the HMet group compared to the LMet group, while the calcium content of antlers was significantly lower in the HMet group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Ruminal fluid free amino acid composition was altered in the three groups of sika deer, with significant changes in aspartic acid, citrulline, valine, cysteine, methionine, histidine and proline. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were highest in the rectal microflora. Unidentified bacterial abundance was significantly decreased in the HMet group compared to the CON group. Based on the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and Adonis analysis, there was a significant difference in the composition of the intestinal flora between the CON and HMet groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON group, the abundance of <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010</i> in the LMet group increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05), the abundance of <i>dgA-11_gut_group</i> in the HMet group decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and the abundance of <i>Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010</i>, <i>Saccharofermentans</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group</i> increased significantly. Taken together, the results showed that methionine supplementation was beneficial in increasing the feed utilization efficiency and improving antler quality in sika deer, while affecting the composition of fecal bacteria.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/16/2606apparent digestibilitymethioninefecal bacterialshort-chain fatty acidssika deer |
| spellingShingle | Yan Wu Yongzhen Zhu Xiaolan Guo Xiaoxu Wang Weitao Yuan Cuiliu Ma Xiaoli Chen Chao Xu Kaiying Wang Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>) Animals apparent digestibility methionine fecal bacterial short-chain fatty acids sika deer |
| title | Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>) |
| title_full | Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>) |
| title_short | Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (<i>Cervus nippon</i>) |
| title_sort | methionine supplementation affects fecal bacterial community and production performance in sika deer i cervus nippon i |
| topic | apparent digestibility methionine fecal bacterial short-chain fatty acids sika deer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/16/2606 |
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