Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review
Introduction: Diffuse Melanosis Cutis (DMC) is a rare and late complication of metastatic malignant melanoma (MM) characterized by progressive pigmentation of skin and sometimes mucous membranes. The distinctive feature is the widespread and progressive deposition of melanin precursors in the dermi...
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| Format: | Article |
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Mattioli1885
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Dermatology Practical & Conceptual |
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| Online Access: | https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/view/3196 |
| _version_ | 1797324090212614144 |
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| author | Anna Graziella Burroni Niccolò Capurro Franco Rongioletti Emanuele Cozzani Paolo Pronzato Astrid Herzum Antonio Guadagno Mattia Fabio Molle Giorgio Oddenino Aurora Parodi |
| author_facet | Anna Graziella Burroni Niccolò Capurro Franco Rongioletti Emanuele Cozzani Paolo Pronzato Astrid Herzum Antonio Guadagno Mattia Fabio Molle Giorgio Oddenino Aurora Parodi |
| author_sort | Anna Graziella Burroni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction: Diffuse Melanosis Cutis (DMC) is a rare and late complication of metastatic malignant melanoma (MM) characterized by progressive pigmentation of skin and sometimes mucous membranes. The distinctive feature is the widespread and progressive deposition of melanin precursors in the dermis.
Objectives: The purpose of this review is to define the clinical and demographic features of DMC and to promote a deeper insight into the clinical manifestation, histological findings, and pathophysiology behind DMC.
Methods: We have conducted a systematic review of the literature on published DMC in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. We also reported a case of DMC secondary to low-risk melanoma.
Results: Overall, including our case report, we reported 53 articles described 62 DMC patients. Breslow level of primary melanoma was reported having a mean value of 3.3 mm. The mean survival rate from onset of DMC resulted being 4.36 months.
Conclusions: Among the most widely accepted etiopathogenetic hypotheses are deposition of melanic precursors in the dermis following tumor lysis, melanocyte proliferation induced by neoplastic growth factors, and the presence of diffuse dermal micro-metastases of MM. However, unanimous consensus on the proposed etiopathogenetic models of DMC is still lacking.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:45:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e47af2ba3ee44138a6e7efa571829ac3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2160-9381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:45:12Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Mattioli1885 |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dermatology Practical & Conceptual |
| spelling | doaj.art-e47af2ba3ee44138a6e7efa571829ac32024-02-05T13:15:46ZengMattioli1885Dermatology Practical & Conceptual2160-93812024-01-0114110.5826/dpc.1401a8Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic ReviewAnna Graziella Burroni0Niccolò Capurro1Franco Rongioletti2Emanuele Cozzani3Paolo Pronzato4Astrid Herzum5Antonio Guadagno6Mattia Fabio Molle7Giorgio Oddenino8Aurora Parodi9Section of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, ItalyDermatology Clinic, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, ItalyMedical Oncology 2 Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, ItalyDivision of Pathology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, ItalySection of Dermatology, Department of Health and Science (DissaL), Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, IRCCS, Università di Genova, Italy Introduction: Diffuse Melanosis Cutis (DMC) is a rare and late complication of metastatic malignant melanoma (MM) characterized by progressive pigmentation of skin and sometimes mucous membranes. The distinctive feature is the widespread and progressive deposition of melanin precursors in the dermis. Objectives: The purpose of this review is to define the clinical and demographic features of DMC and to promote a deeper insight into the clinical manifestation, histological findings, and pathophysiology behind DMC. Methods: We have conducted a systematic review of the literature on published DMC in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. We also reported a case of DMC secondary to low-risk melanoma. Results: Overall, including our case report, we reported 53 articles described 62 DMC patients. Breslow level of primary melanoma was reported having a mean value of 3.3 mm. The mean survival rate from onset of DMC resulted being 4.36 months. Conclusions: Among the most widely accepted etiopathogenetic hypotheses are deposition of melanic precursors in the dermis following tumor lysis, melanocyte proliferation induced by neoplastic growth factors, and the presence of diffuse dermal micro-metastases of MM. However, unanimous consensus on the proposed etiopathogenetic models of DMC is still lacking. https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/view/3196melanomamelanosismelanoma metastasispigmentation |
| spellingShingle | Anna Graziella Burroni Niccolò Capurro Franco Rongioletti Emanuele Cozzani Paolo Pronzato Astrid Herzum Antonio Guadagno Mattia Fabio Molle Giorgio Oddenino Aurora Parodi Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review Dermatology Practical & Conceptual melanoma melanosis melanoma metastasis pigmentation |
| title | Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review |
| title_full | Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review |
| title_short | Diffuse Melanosis Cutis as the First Sign of Recurrence of Low-Risk Melanoma: Case Report and Systematic Review |
| title_sort | diffuse melanosis cutis as the first sign of recurrence of low risk melanoma case report and systematic review |
| topic | melanoma melanosis melanoma metastasis pigmentation |
| url | https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/view/3196 |
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